Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Regenerative Potential and Challenges

Fuloria, Shivkanya; Subramaniyan, Vetriselvan; Dahiya, Rajiv; Dahiya, Sunita; Sudhakar, Kalvatala; Kumārī, Ushā; Sathasivam, Kathiresan V.; Meenakshi, Dhanalekshmi Unnikrishnan; Wu, Yuan Seng; Sekar, Mahendran; Malviya, Rishabha; Singh, Amit; Fuloria, Neeraj Kumar

doi:10.3390/biology10030172

Cited by 38 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 231 publications

(252 reference statements)

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“…MSC-EVs exhibit great therapeutic potential for treating OA, as previous literature shows that the paracrine factors of MSCs provoke chondrocyte proliferation 116 . The biology, preparation, characterization, and applications of MSC-EVs have been extensively discussed in previous reviews 14 , 117 - 119 . We have enlisted several recent reports utilizing bone marrow MSC-EVs to treat OA in different animal models ( Table 2 ).…”

Section: The Therapeutic Value Of Non-bone Marrow Msc-derived Evs For Oamentioning

confidence: 99%

Harnessing Tissue-derived Extracellular Vesicles for Osteoarthritis Theranostics

Yin¹,

Ni²,

Witherel³

et al. 2022

Theranostics

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Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent chronic whole-joint disease characterized by low-grade systemic inflammation, degeneration of joint-related tissues such as articular cartilage, and alteration of bone structures that can eventually lead to disability. Emerging evidence has indicated that synovium or articular cartilage-secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs) contribute to OA pathogenesis and physiology, including transporting and enhancing the production of inflammatory mediators and cartilage degrading proteinases. Bioactive components of EVs are known to play a role in OA include microRNA, long non-coding RNA, and proteins. Thus, OA tissues-derived EVs can be used in combination with advanced nanomaterial-based biosensors for the diagnostic assessment of OA progression. Alternatively, mesenchymal stem cell- or platelet-rich plasma-derived EVs (MSC-EVs or PRP-EVs) have high therapeutic value for treating OA, such as suppressing the inflammatory immune microenvironment, which is often enriched by pro-inflammatory immune cells and cytokines that reduce chondrocytes apoptosis. Moreover, those EVs can be modified or incorporated into biomaterials for enhanced targeting and prolonged retention to treat OA effectively. In this review, we explore recently reported OA-related pathological biomarkers from OA joint tissue-derived EVs and discuss the possibility of current biosensors for detecting EVs and EV-related OA biomarkers. We summarize the applications of MSC-EVs and PRP-EVs and discuss their limitations for cartilage regeneration and alleviating OA symptoms. Additionally, we identify advanced therapeutic strategies, including engineered EVs and applying biomaterials to increase the efficacy of EV-based OA therapies. Finally, we provide our perspective on the future of EV-related diagnosis and therapeutic potential for OA treatment.

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Section: The Therapeutic Value Of Non-bone Marrow Msc-derived Evs For Oamentioning

confidence: 99%

Harnessing Tissue-derived Extracellular Vesicles for Osteoarthritis Theranostics

Yin¹,

Ni²,

Witherel³

et al. 2022

Theranostics

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“…EVs released by MSCs contain proteins, lipids, mRNA, microRNA (miRNA), and cytokines. These vesicles release their contents into target cells, modulating their activity and potentially inducing restorative processes [ 29 ].…”

Section: Mscs Secretomementioning

confidence: 99%

Dental Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretome: An Intriguing Approach for Neuroprotection and Neuroregeneration

Mazzon

2021

IJMS

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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known for their beneficial effects and regenerative potential. In particular, dental-derived MSCs have the advantage of easier accessibility and a non-invasive isolation method. Moreover, thanks to their neural crest origin, dental MSCs seem to have a more prominent neuroregenerative potential. Indeed, in basal conditions they also express neuronal markers. However, it is now well known that the beneficial actions of MSCs depend, at least in part, on their secretome, referring to all the bioactive molecules released in the conditioned medium (CM) or in extracellular vesicles (EVs). In this review we focus on the applications of the secretome derived from dental MSCs for neuroregeneration and neuroprotection. The secretomes of different dental MSCs have been tested for their effects for neuroregenerative purposes, and the secretomes of dental pulp stem cells and stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth are the most studied. Both the CM and EVs obtained from dental MSCs showed that they are able to promote neurite outgrowth and neuroprotective effects. Interestingly, dental-derived MSC secretome showed stronger neuroregenerative and neuroprotective effects compared to that obtained from other MSC sources. For these reasons, the secretome obtained from dental MSCs may represent a promising approach for neuroprotective treatments.

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Section: Mechanisms Of Action Of Msc On Neurological Injury Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MSCs have been reported to secrete heterogeneous lipid bilayer vesicles called extracellular vesicles (EVs), which act as mediators for inter-cell communication [ 17 ]. These exosomes/EVs secreted from MSCs are known to improve neuronal functions in neurological injured models [ 17 , 18 ]. We have also demonstrated the amelioration of neuronal injury followed by functional improvement in MSC-administered mice models, which resulted from the secretion of trophic factors rather than neuronal differentiation and eternal cell replacement by MSCs [ 15 ].…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Action Of Msc On Neurological Injury Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, different sources of MSCs have different exosome characteristics; therefore, it is necessary to select appropriate exosomes that contain enough neurotrophic factors such as BDNF, NGF, and HGF. Developing exosomes secreted from MSCs for clinical use have several challenges such as reliability, reproducibility, and robust techniques to isolate and purify therapeutic exosomes and to produce exosomes on a large scale with good manufacturing practices standards for clinical use [ 17 ]. Shekari et al identified gaps in the current method of information gathering by systematically reviewing a substantial number of publications.…”

Section: Room For Improvement Of Mscs Therapy and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Perspective: New Potential Therapeutic for the Treatment of Neurological Diseases

2021

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Several studies have shown that mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) exert their neuroprotective and neurorestorative efficacy via the secretion of neurotrophic factors. Based on these studies, many clinical trials using MSCs for the treatment of neurological disorders have been conducted, and results regarding their feasibility and efficacy have been reported. The present review aims to highlight the characteristics and basic research regarding the role of MSCs in neurological disease and to discuss the recent progress in clinical trials using MSCs to treat various neurological disorders.

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Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Regenerative Potential and Challenges

Cited by 38 publications

References 231 publications

Harnessing Tissue-derived Extracellular Vesicles for Osteoarthritis Theranostics

Harnessing Tissue-derived Extracellular Vesicles for Osteoarthritis Theranostics

Dental Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretome: An Intriguing Approach for Neuroprotection and Neuroregeneration

Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Perspective: New Potential Therapeutic for the Treatment of Neurological Diseases

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