MERS Coronavirus Neutralizing Antibodies in Camels, Eastern Africa, 1983–1997

Müller, Marcel A.; Corman, Victor M.; Jores, Joerg; Meyer, Benjamin; Younan, Mario; Liljander, Anne; Bosch, Berend-Jan; Lattwein, Erik; Hilali, M.; Musa, Bakri E.; Bornstein, S.; Drosten, Christian

doi:10.3201/eid2012.141026

Cited by 273 publications

(295 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(25 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

275

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…1,9,27,44 Despite the high prevalence of MERS-CoV in camels, viral transmission from camels to humans appears to be limited, and multiple countries with seropositive camels have yet to detect MERSCoV infections in humans. 18,32,49 …”

Section: Human Mers-cov Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Review of Animal Models of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection

2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was initially isolated from a Saudi Arabian man with fatal pneumonia. Since the original case in 2012, MERS-CoV infections have been reported in >1500 humans, and the case fatality rate is currently 35%. This lineage C betacoronavirus has been reported to cause a wide range of disease severity in humans, ranging from asymptomatic to progressive fatal pneumonia that may be accompanied by renal or multiorgan failure. Although the clinical presentation of human MERS-CoV infection has been documented, many facets of this emerging disease are still unknown and could be studied with animal models. Several animal models of MERS-CoV have been developed, including New Zealand white rabbits, transduced or transgenic mice that express human dipeptidyl peptidase 4, rhesus macaques, and common marmosets. This review provides an overview of the current state of knowledge on human MERS-CoV infections, the probable origin of MERS-CoV, and the available animal models of MERS-CoV infection. Evaluation of the benefits and limitations of these models will aid in appropriate model selection for studying viral pathogenesis and transmission, as well as for testing vaccines and antivirals against MERS-CoV.Keywords animal models, common marmosets, dipeptidyl peptidase 4, mice, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, pathogenicity, rabbits, respiratory system, review, rhesus macaques, transgenic Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was first isolated from a man in Saudi Arabia in 2012, and MERS-CoV infections have now been reported in >20 countries. 76,79 Originally called human coronavirus-EMC/2012, the virus was renamed MERS-CoV by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. 20,67 In humans, MERS-CoV is 1 of 6 coronaviruses that cause respiratory disease; however, it is currently the only known pathogenic human lineage C betacoronavirus. 31,68 MERS-CoV infections in humans range from asymptomatic to progressive fatal pneumonia with occasional renal or multiorgan failure. 44,52 To date, published autopsy data from fatal human cases are not available, and the exact route of viral transmission to and among humans is unknown. Additionally, there are currently no approved MERS-CoV-specific countermeasures. Thus, development of animal models to study the pathology and pathogenesis of MERS-CoV, the routes of viral transmission, and the efficacy of treatments and vaccines is critical. Here, we review the current state of knowledge on MERS-CoV infections in humans and potential animal reservoirs for the virus and provide an overview and analysis of animal models of MERS-CoV infection.

show abstract

Section: Human Mers-cov Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Review of Animal Models of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection

2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The present evidence suggests that camels in the Middle East, which originated from the Horn of Africa region, serve as a possible primary source of MERS-CoV infection in humans; serological evidence of the early circulation of MERS-CoV in camels in the African region and the KSA dated back to 1983 and 1992, respectively 52,20 .…”

Section: Dromedary Camelsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Untitled

2017

IJPSR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Nonetheless, several epidemiological studies have demonstrated the widespread of MERS-CoV in dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius) in Africa and the Arabian Peninsula as early as 1983 and 1993, respectively [6,7]. Furthermore, other studies have provided strong evidences of MERS-CoV transmission from camels-to-humans [8][9][10], suggesting that dromedaries are most likely the reservoir host for MERS-CoV and an important source of human infections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

No molecular evidence of MERS-CoV circulation in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia between 2010–2012: a single-center retrospective study

Al-Amoudi

Azhar

Alamoudi

et al. 2018

J Infect Dev Ctries

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is an emerging zoonotic viral pathogen and a serious public health concern. The virus was first reported in Saudi Arabia in 2012 and continues to be endemic in the region. Most of the initial MERS-CoV cases in 2012 and early 2013 were sporadic, and it remains unclear whether MERS-CoV was circulating before 2012 or not. Therefore, we tried here to find any molecular evidence of MERS-CoV circulation in humans before or during 2012 in the city of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Methodology: We examined 349 archived respiratory samples collected between January 2010 and December 2012 from patients with acute respiratory illnesses from the city of Jeddah in Western Saudi Arabia. All samples were screened for MERS-CoV by real-time RT-PCR targeting the upstream E-gene (UpE) and the open reading frame 1 a (ORF1a). Results: All tested samples which were originally found negative for influenza A H1N1 virus were also found to be negative for MERS-CoV. Conclusions: These results suggest that circulation of MERS-CoV was uncommon among patients with acute respiratory symptoms in Western Saudi Arabia between 2010 and 2012.

show abstract

MERS Coronavirus Neutralizing Antibodies in Camels, Eastern Africa, 1983–1997

Cited by 273 publications

References 13 publications

A Comparative Review of Animal Models of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection

A Comparative Review of Animal Models of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection

Untitled

No molecular evidence of MERS-CoV circulation in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia between 2010–2012: a single-center retrospective study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About