Merkel cell polyomavirus is uncommon in New Zealand Merkel cell carcinomas

Woodhouse, Braden J.; Robb, Tamsin J.; Hearn, James I.; Houseman, P; Hayward, Gary S.; Miller, Richard A.; Restall, AP; Findlay, Michael; Lawrence, Benjamin; Print, Cristin G.; Parker, Kate; Blenkiron, Cherie

doi:10.1111/bjd.16903

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In stark contrast, only 18–24% of Australian MCC and 23% of NZ MCC has been found to show MCPyV positivity . MCPyV‐positive tumours were generally located on the limbs whereas MCPyV‐negative tumours predominantly occurred on sun‐exposed areas . This supports the hypothesis of two distinct pathways contributing to MCC oncogenesis – one that is UV radiation‐mediated and another virally mediated pathway.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…North American and European studies report MCPyV positivity in 64–100% of MCC cases . In stark contrast, only 18–24% of Australian MCC and 23% of NZ MCC has been found to show MCPyV positivity . MCPyV‐positive tumours were generally located on the limbs whereas MCPyV‐negative tumours predominantly occurred on sun‐exposed areas .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…This is thought to be evidence that MCPyV plays an oncogenic role in some MCC tumours . In contrast, only 18–24% of Australasian MCC show evidence of MCPyV‐positivity …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiology and survival of Merkel cell carcinoma in New Zealand: A population‐based study between 2000 and 2015 with international comparison

et al. 2019

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Background/Objectives: Merkel cell carcinomais an aggressive neuroendocrine skin cancer. Australian studies report high incidence and poor survival rates compared internationally. While New Zealand has a comparable UV index and racial composition to Australia, survival outcomes are currently unknown. The role of Merkel cell polyoma virus in oncogenesis of Merkel cell carcinoma is an active area of research. We describe the incidence and survival of Merkel cell carcinoma in New Zealand with correlation to demographic and clinical factors including regional polyoma virus prevalence.Methods: Retrospective study of population-based data from the New Zealand Cancer Registry. Incidence rates were directly standardised to the US standard 2000 population. Survival was investigated using Kaplan-Meier and multivariable Cox regression models.Results: Six hundred and one cases were diagnosed in New Zealand between 2000 and 2015. The overall incidence rate was 0.96/100 000 population. Merkel cell carcinoma is more common in males, elderly and on sun-exposed areas. Eighteen percent of patients were diagnosed with distant metastasis at time of presentation. The overall 5-year survival rate and relative 5-year survival rate were 31% and 45%, respectively. Mortality was 1.9 and 2.5 times higher for stage III and IV disease, respectively, relative to stage I/II disease. Patients over age 80 had twice the mortality compared to those aged 60-69. Conclusions: New Zealand has a high incidence ofMerkel cell carcinoma and poor survival outcomes when compared internationally. We have the highest proportion of distant metastatic disease at time of diagnosis. Further research into the role of nonpolyoma-related Merkel cell carcinoma is warranted to improve Merkel cell carcinoma outcomes in New Zealand and abroad.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Epidemiology and survival of Merkel cell carcinoma in New Zealand: A population‐based study between 2000 and 2015 with international comparison

et al. 2019

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“…MCPyV has been detected in 40–89% of MCCs in North American and European studies, and in 18–24% in Australian and New Zealand studies . To date, it is the only HPyV that has been shown to mediate tumorigenesis .…”

Section: Merkel Cell Polyomavirusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MCPyV has been detected in 40-89% of MCCs in North American and European studies, and in 18-24% in Australian and New Zealand studies. [14][15][16] To date, it is the only HPyV that has been shown to mediate tumorigenesis. 9 Two clades, or phylogenetic groups, of MCPyV DNA sequences have been characterized from different geographical regions.…”

Section: Merkel Cell Polyomavirusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyomaviruses of the skin: integrating molecular and clinical advances in an emerging class of viruses

Tran

Rády²,

Dao

et al. 2019

Br J Dermatol

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Summary Background Human polyomaviruses (HPyVs) are small, nonenveloped, double‐stranded DNA viruses that express tumour antigen proteins. Fourteen species of polyomaviruses have been discovered in humans, and since the 2008 discovery of the first cutaneous polyomavirus – Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) – six more species have been detected in the skin: trichodysplasia spinulosa‐associated polyomavirus (TSPyV), HPyV6, HPyV7, HPyV9, HPyV10 and HPyV13. Of these cutaneous species, only MCPyV, TSPyV, HPyV6 and HPyV7 have been definitively associated with diseases of the skin, most commonly in immunocompromised individuals. MCPyV is a predominant aetiology in Merkel cell carcinomas. TSPyV is one of the aetiological factors of trichodysplasia spinulosa. HPyV6 and HPyV7 have been recently linked to pruritic skin eruptions. The roles of HPyV9, HPyV10 and HPyV13 in pathogenesis, if any, are still unknown, but their molecular features have provided some insight into their functional biology. Results In this review, we summarize the known molecular mechanisms, clinical presentation and targeted therapies of each of the eight cutaneous HPyVs. Conclusions We hope that heightened awareness and clinical recognition of HPyVs will lead to increased reports of HPyV‐associated diseases and, consequently, a more robust understanding of how to diagnose and treat these conditions.

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Chromosomal Aberrations Accumulate during Metastasis of Virus-Negative Merkel Cell Carcinoma

Robb

Ward

Houseman

et al. 2023

Journal of Investigative Dermatology

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Merkel cell polyomavirus is uncommon in New Zealand Merkel cell carcinomas

Cited by 6 publications

References 8 publications

Epidemiology and survival of Merkel cell carcinoma in New Zealand: A population‐based study between 2000 and 2015 with international comparison

Epidemiology and survival of Merkel cell carcinoma in New Zealand: A population‐based study between 2000 and 2015 with international comparison

Polyomaviruses of the skin: integrating molecular and clinical advances in an emerging class of viruses

Chromosomal Aberrations Accumulate during Metastasis of Virus-Negative Merkel Cell Carcinoma

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