Merkel cell differentiation in trichoblastoma

Collina, Guido; Eusebi, Vincenzo; Capella, Carlo; Rosaí, Juan

doi:10.1007/s004280050251

Cited by 30 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…On rare occasions one can find abundant intratumoral MCs with only a few, if any, MCs in the overlying epidermis [14]. This phenomenon has only once been reported to occur in a small subset of TBs [14]but has never been confirmed in other investigations focused on MCs in this neoplasm [15, 16, 17, 18]. Our case demonstrated neither increased numbers of MCs in the tumor nor in the epidermis above the tumorous masses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 41%

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Trichogerminoma: A Rare Cutaneous Adnexal Tumor with Differentiation toward the Hair Germ Epithelium

et al. 2002

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In 1992, Sau and colleagues described 14 cases of a rare cutaneous adnexal tumor with differentiation toward the hair germ epithelium. All cases in their study displayed a unique constellation of histological features which allowed the authors to consider the neoplasm to be a distinct entity and to designate it as ‘trichogerminoma’ (TG). We present a case of an adnexal tumor identical to that described as TG and report the immunophenotypical features of this neoplasm for the first time. A biopsy from a 41-year-old man revealed a well-demarcated epithelial tumor composed of multiple lobules located in the deep dermis without connection to the overlying epidermis and surrounded by a fibrous pseudocapsule. The tumorous lobules were composed of uniform basophilic cells with vesicular nuclei, dispersed chromatin and prominent nucleoli showing no prominent peripheral palisading. Some of the lobules had the appearance of densely packed ‘cell balls’ with peripheral condensation of the tumor cells. The stroma showed a moderate number of fibroblasts and mast cells. Reticulum staining revealed fine reticulum fibers surrounding the tumor aggregates with accentuation of the ‘cell balls’. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells expressed AE1/AE3, CK5/8, CK5/6, CAM5.2 and stained negatively for CK20, CK7, calretinin, Lu-5 and Thomsen- Friedensreich antigen. There was no increase in the numbers of CK20-positive Merkel cells in the epidermis overlying the tumor; however, a few Merkel cells were scattered in some tumor lobules. In addition, we stained 6 trichoblastomas (TBs) and found a particular pattern of calretinin expression in this tumor which was not observed in our case of TG. We conclude that pathological features allow the delineation of TG as a distinct adnexal neoplasm. Histological differential diagnosis includes basal-cell carcinoma (pilar type), large nodular TB, trichoblastic fibroma, trichoepithelioma, tricholemmoma, pilomatricoma and matrical carcinoma.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 41%

“…Previous studies have shown that TB is typified by abundant MCs distributed in the tumor itself as well as in the overlying epidermis [13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18]. On rare occasions one can find abundant intratumoral MCs with only a few, if any, MCs in the overlying epidermis [14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichogerminoma: A Rare Cutaneous Adnexal Tumor with Differentiation toward the Hair Germ Epithelium

et al. 2002

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“…Trichoblastoma often included focal positivity for synaptophysin, chromogranin A and cytokeratin 20, indicating neuroendocrine differentiation [4,13]. However, in the present case, many tumor cells were positive for synaptophysin, and focal positivity for Grimelius reaction and chromogranin A were seen.…”

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confidence: 41%

Merkel Cell Carcinoma in a Cat

Ozaki

Narama

2009

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. A 17-year-old spayed female Japanese domestic cat presented with a solitary cutaneous mass in the right thoracic area. Histopathologically, the mass consisted mainly of round tumor cells that had infiltrated throughout the dermis and deep subcutaneous tissue. The proliferating pattern of tumor cells was solid but also trabecular or cord-like in some areas, and lined with small cells resembling mature lymphocytes or basal cells. The tumor cells were positive for cytokeratin 20 and synaptophysin. The positive reaction for cytokeratin 20 showed localized to diffuse pattern. This is the first report describing now cytokeratin 20 was clearly beneficial for the differential diagnosis of feline Merkel cell carcinoma.KEY WORDS: cytokeratin 20, feline, Merkel cell carcinoma, neuroendocrine tumor.

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“…Merkel cells are regarded as a sign of follicular differentiation and have been found in both benign and malignant follicular neoplasms. [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] Squamous metaplasia has only rarely been specifically commented upon in the previously published material on tubular apocrine adenoma/papillary eccrine adenoma, although the descriptions of solid epithelial nodules, dilated cysts containing laminated keratin or squamous-cell-lined cysts almost certainly correspond to this phenomenon. [27][28][29][30] Murphy and Elder 30 suggested that dilated cysts containing laminated keratin may represent recapitulation of intraepidermal eccrine duct formation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Tubular Adenoma of the Skin with Follicular and Sebaceous Differentiation

Kazakov

Mukenšnábl

Michal

2006

The American Journal of Dermatopathology

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The main controversies regarding tubular apocrine adenoma and papillary eccrine adenoma are whether they are two distinct entities or are the very same tumor, and if so, which lineage of differentiation (apocrine versus eccrine) it pursues. We report two cases of tubular adenoma with follicular and, in one case, additionally, sebaceous differentiation. The features in both cases indicated apocrine differentiation of the tubular component. One patient was a 60-year-old woman with a 1-year history of a solitary nodule on the scalp. The other patient was a 48-year-old woman with a solitary nodule of unknown duration located on the back. In both patients, the tumors were surgically removed. The patients were alive and well 2.5 and 2 years after surgery, respectively. The histologic features that both cases had in common included the combination of a tubular adenoma, foci of follicular differentiation, and areas of immature squamous metaplasia. In case 1, follicular differentiation was seen in the form of strands of basaloid cells surrounded by a stroma resembling the embryonic perifollicular sheath. Some aggregates of basaloid cells were juxtaposed with small collections of plump fibroblasts, imparting a resemblance to rudimentary follicular germs associated with follicular papillae. Many minute lumens surrounded by more eosinophilic cells were seen within the strands. In case 2, follicular differentiation was seen as several infundibulocystic structures surrounded by isthmic epithelium housing scattered mature sebocytes. In addition, there were areas reminiscent of desmoplastic trichoepithelioma (columnar trichoblastoma). In both cases, the areas with immature squamous metaplasia were represented by solid nodules that were mostly devoid of lumens and a peripheral basal/myoepithelial cell layer. In conclusion, these two cases of cutaneous tubular adenoma with accompanying follicular and sebaceous differentiation give further support to the proposition that the majority of these neoplasms have apocrine differentiation. Rare cases occurring in the sites normally devoid of apocrine glands may represent the eccrine counterpart.

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Merkel cell differentiation in trichoblastoma

Cited by 30 publications

References 13 publications

Trichogerminoma: A Rare Cutaneous Adnexal Tumor with Differentiation toward the Hair Germ Epithelium

Trichogerminoma: A Rare Cutaneous Adnexal Tumor with Differentiation toward the Hair Germ Epithelium

Merkel Cell Carcinoma in a Cat

Tubular Adenoma of the Skin with Follicular and Sebaceous Differentiation

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