“…In the decades following the implementation of the Education Act of 1944, the influence of home circumstances on pupil achievement in school was well documented in reports published by both government and independent researchers (see, for example, Ministry of Education 1954Education , 1963Douglas 1964;Swift 1965Swift , 1966. As the number and size of ethnic minority groups in England increased, an additional facet was added to the diversity of home backgrounds noted in those reports of the 1950s and 1960s.…”