“…To integrate heterogeneous information, the paper presents merging methods classified into semi-automatic (Schenker, 2021;Vidyarthi, et al, 2014;Fu, 2016;Negi & Malik, 2018;Makwana & Ganatra, 2018) and automatic (Lindh-Knuutila, 2006;Robin & Uma, 2010;Maree & Belkhatir, 2015;Guo, et al, 2022;Ocker, et al, 2022;Chen, et al, 2022). Generally, all approaches are based on terminological and structural similarity.…”