Merging DNA typing and network analysis to assess the transmission of paratuberculosis between farms

Marquetoux, Nelly; Heuer, C; Wilson, Peter R.; Ridler, Anne; Stevenson, M.A.

doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2016.09.014

Cited by 17 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Studies on empirical data showed that between-farm transmission of MAP is significantly associated with animal movements. This was shown through coupling the network analysis of livestock movements with genotyping of MAP strains on farms (11) and with the disease statuses of farms (12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When assessing the impact of paratuberculosis, its potential for spreading and efficacy of different surveillance and control measures, the problems of the lack of empirical data and scarce resources can be overcome to a certain extent by the use of different mathematical and computational methods. In the case of paratuberculosis, these methods were used to study: the disease dynamics at the herd level (23)(24)(25), between-herd transmission and spread potential (11,26), evaluation of the surveillance systems and control measures (27)(28)(29), and assessment of economic consequences of the disease and control measures (30)(31)(32)(33)(34).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Implications of Cattle Trade for the Spread and Control of Infectious Diseases in Slovenia

et al. 2020

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implications of Cattle Trade for the Spread and Control of Infectious Diseases in Slovenia

et al. 2020

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“…In a pastoral environment, indirect transmission via pasture contaminated by infectious sheep drives infection dynamics. Pasture-based transmission is efficient at infecting individual sheep of all ages including adults [ 40 , 44 ] and spreading MAP on farms previously free of the organism [ 45 , 46 ].…”

Section: Transmission Of Mapmentioning

confidence: 99%

A synthesis of the patho-physiology of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection in sheep to inform mathematical modelling of ovine paratuberculosis

Marquetoux

Mitchell

Ridler

et al. 2018

Vet Res

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This literature review of exposure to Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) in sheep enabled a synthesis of the patho-physiology of ovine paratuberculosis (PTB). These results could be used to inform subsequent modelling of ovine PTB. We reviewed studies of both experimental and natural exposure. They were generally comparable. Possible outcomes following exposure were latent infection, i.e. mere colonization without lesions; active infection, with inflammatory histopathology in the intestinal tissues resulting in mild disease and low faecal shedding; and affection, with severe intestinal pathology, reduced production, clinical signs and high faecal shedding. Latent infection was an uninformative outcome for modelling. By contrast, histological lesions and their grade appeared to be a good marker of active infection and progression stages to clinical disease. The two possible pathways following infection are non-progression leading to recovery and progression to clinical disease, causing death. These pathways are mediated by different immune mechanisms. This synthesis suggested that host-related characteristics such as age at exposure and breed, combined with pathogen-related factors such as MAP dose, strain and inoculum type for experimental infection, have a strong influence on the outcome of exposure. The material reviewed consisted of disparate studies often with low numbers of sheep and study-level confounders. Hence comparisons between and across studies was difficult and this precluded quantitative model parameter estimation. Nevertheless, it allowed a robust synthesis of the current understanding of patho-physiology of ovine PTB, which can inform mathematical modelling of this disease.

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“…For example, national or multinational programs, such as the European Union's Trade Control and Expert System and the United Kingdom's Cattle Tracing System, track shipments of production animals across space and time, generating a rich source of information for rapid response to health threats (27)(28)(29). In the absence of national regulatory frameworks, large production companies often keep records on the movement of animals between company farms (30). Movement data from a single swine production company in the US contained information on the origin and destination of 9.1 million pigs annually, totaling ~25,000 per day.…”

Section: Volume: Identifying High-risk Populations With Big Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Translating Big Data into Smart Data for Veterinary Epidemiology

et al. 2017

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The increasing availability and complexity of data has led to new opportunities and challenges in veterinary epidemiology around how to translate abundant, diverse, and rapidly growing “big” data into meaningful insights for animal health. Big data analytics are used to understand health risks and minimize the impact of adverse animal health issues through identifying high-risk populations, combining data or processes acting at multiple scales through epidemiological modeling approaches, and harnessing high velocity data to monitor animal health trends and detect emerging health threats. The advent of big data requires the incorporation of new skills into veterinary epidemiology training, including, for example, machine learning and coding, to prepare a new generation of scientists and practitioners to engage with big data. Establishing pipelines to analyze big data in near real-time is the next step for progressing from simply having “big data” to create “smart data,” with the objective of improving understanding of health risks, effectiveness of management and policy decisions, and ultimately preventing or at least minimizing the impact of adverse animal health issues.

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Merging DNA typing and network analysis to assess the transmission of paratuberculosis between farms

Cited by 17 publications

References 35 publications

Implications of Cattle Trade for the Spread and Control of Infectious Diseases in Slovenia

Implications of Cattle Trade for the Spread and Control of Infectious Diseases in Slovenia

A synthesis of the patho-physiology of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection in sheep to inform mathematical modelling of ovine paratuberculosis

Translating Big Data into Smart Data for Veterinary Epidemiology

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