Merging advanced technologies with classical methods to uncover dendritic spine dynamics: A hot spot of synaptic plasticity

Maiti, Panchanan; Manna, Jayeeta; McDonald, Michael P.

doi:10.1016/j.neures.2015.02.007

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 152 publications

(171 reference statements)

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“…There has been some preliminary evidence supporting disease-related changes in dendritic spine subtypes, classified conventionally as stubby, mushroom, and thin (Jones and Powell, 1969 ) in cortical neurons from a TDP-43 rodent model (Handley et al, 2017 ). Limitations of the light microscopic method (Harris et al, 1992 ; Arellano et al, 2007 ; Maiti et al, 2015 ) and evidence of a continuum of intermediate spine morphologies in past reports (Peters and Kaiserman-Abramof, 1970 ; Harris et al, 1992 ; Maiti et al, 2015 ) have precluded a robust and repeatable taxonomy of dendritic spines in material from the present study. Although there may be inherent limitations with differential impregnation of neurons with Golgi-Cox in case of neuro-degeneration, evidence from the literature demonstrates successful staining in animal models of neurodegenerative diseases (Ukabam, 1988 ; Spires et al, 2004 ) and human post-mortem tissue in cases of aging and Alzheimer's disease (Hanks and Flood, 1991 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Motor Areas Show Altered Dendritic Structure in an Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Mouse Model

Fogarty

Lavidis

et al. 2017

Front. Neurosci.

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Objective: Motor neurons (MNs) die in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a clinically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disease of unknown etiology. In human or rodent studies, MN loss is preceded by increased excitability. As increased neuronal excitability correlates with structural changes in dendritic arbors and spines, we have examined longitudinal changes in dendritic structure in vulnerable neuron populations in a mouse model of familial ALS.Methods: We used a modified Golgi-Cox staining method to determine the progressive changes in dendritic structure of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons, striatal medium spiny neurons, and resistant (trochlear, IV) or susceptible (hypoglossal, XII; lumbar) MNs from brainstem and spinal cord of mice over-expressing the human SOD1G93A (SOD1) mutation, in comparison to wild-type (WT) mice, at four postnatal (P) ages of 8–15, 28–35, 65–75, and 120 days.Results: In SOD1 mice, dendritic changes occur at pre-symptomatic ages in both XII and spinal cord lumbar MNs. Spine loss without dendritic changes was present in striatal neurons from disease onset. Spine density increases were present at all ages studied in SOD1 XII MNs. Spine density increased in neonatal lumbar MNs, before decreasing to control levels by P28-35 and was decreased by P120. SOD1 XII MNs and lumbar MNs, but not trochlear MNs showed vacuolization from the same time-points. Trochlear MN dendrites were unchanged.Interpretation: Dendritic structure and spine alterations correlate with the neuro-motor phenotype in ALS and with cognitive and extra-motor symptoms seen in patients. Prominent early changes in dendritic arbors and spines occur in susceptible cranial and spinal cord MNs, but are absent in MNs resistant to loss in ALS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Motor Areas Show Altered Dendritic Structure in an Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Mouse Model

Fogarty

Lavidis

et al. 2017

Front. Neurosci.

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“…In both the ethanol-consuming and water-consuming control groups, our quantification included examples of the full array of conventional dendritic spine classifications, including thin, stubby, and mushroom (Jones and Powell, 1969; Peters and Kaiserman-Abramof, 1970). Limitations in our confocal light microscopy (Harris et al, 1992; Arellano et al, 2007; Maiti et al, 2015) and the large variability and prevalence of intermediate spine forms precluded unequivocal categorization of our samples. Indeed, past reports argue that spines exist as a continuum of structures rather than as discrete units (Peters and Kaiserman-Abramof, 1970; Harris et al, 1992; Maiti et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Limitations in our confocal light microscopy (Harris et al, 1992; Arellano et al, 2007; Maiti et al, 2015) and the large variability and prevalence of intermediate spine forms precluded unequivocal categorization of our samples. Indeed, past reports argue that spines exist as a continuum of structures rather than as discrete units (Peters and Kaiserman-Abramof, 1970; Harris et al, 1992; Maiti et al, 2015). In addition to our dendritic spine density changes, increased sEPSC frequency and a reduction in the cumulative probability of the sIPSC interevent interval was also observed in mPFC LVPNs from ethanol-consuming rats compared with controls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Synaptic Excitation and Abnormal Dendritic Structure of Prefrontal Cortex Layer V Pyramidal Neurons following Prolonged Binge-Like Consumption of Ethanol

Klenowski

Fogarty

Shariff

et al. 2016

eNeuro

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Long-term alcohol use causes a multitude of neurochemical changes in cortical regions that facilitate the transition to dependence. Therefore, we used a model of long-term, binge-like ethanol consumption in rats to determine the effects on morphology and synaptic physiology of medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) layer V pyramidal neurons. Following 10 weeks of ethanol consumption, we recorded synaptic currents from mPFC neurons and used neurobiotin filling to analyze their morphology. We then compared these data to measurements obtained from age-matched, water-drinking control rats. We found that long-term ethanol consumption caused a significant increase in total dendrite arbor length of mPFC layer V pyramidal neurons. Dendritic restructuring was primarily observed in basal dendrite arbors, with mPFC neurons from animals engaged in long-term ethanol drinking having significantly larger and more complex basal arbors compared with controls. These changes were accompanied by significantly increased total spine densities and spontaneous postsynaptic excitatory current frequency, suggesting that long-term binge-like ethanol consumption enhances basal excitatory synaptic transmission in mPFC layer V pyramidal neurons. Our results provide insights into the morphological and functional changes in mPFC layer V pyramidal neuronal physiology following prolonged exposure to ethanol and support changes in mPFC activity during the development of alcohol dependence.

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“…This staining method was the sole technique that could visualize neurons at that time. On the basis of this technological background, more modified and developed staining methods, such as Golgi-Cox, rapid Golgi, and Golgi-Kopsch staining, were invented and extensively used in research of various specimens (Maiti et al, 2015). Thus, there are approximately 3000 publications that used Golgi staining between 1965 and1999.…”

Section: Introduction History Of Golgi Stainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Review of Golgi Staining Methods for Nervous Tissue

Kang

Kim

Moon

et al. 2017

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Golgi staining has been modified and developed since Camillo Golgi introduced the black reaction in 1873. This study focuses on the commonly used Golgi staining methods and presents comprehensive data regarding three Golgi staining methods along with their strong and weak points. The Golgi-Cox method uses mercuric chloride for brain tissue impregnation and is a reliable technique for analyzing the complete dendritic tree of cortical neurons. However, specimens tend to shrink during the staining steps. Recent combination of the Golgi-Cox method and immunofluorescence provides additional options for neuroscientists. Rapid Golgi staining requires osmium tetroxide for the postfixation process. It homogenously stains whole structures of neurons and provides their detailed anatomical morphology. This staining is influenced by the age of the specimen, temperature of the laboratory, and duration of each procedure. The Golgi-Kopsch method uses formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde instead of osmium tetroxide and can be used regardless of the age of the specimen and the duration after fixation. This method is suitable for research using human brain fixed for a long time or for specimens obtained from old-aged animals. Selecting a Golgi staining protocol that is appropriate for the specimen type and research purpose is important to achieve best results.

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Merging advanced technologies with classical methods to uncover dendritic spine dynamics: A hot spot of synaptic plasticity

Cited by 15 publications

References 152 publications

Motor Areas Show Altered Dendritic Structure in an Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Mouse Model

Motor Areas Show Altered Dendritic Structure in an Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Mouse Model

Increased Synaptic Excitation and Abnormal Dendritic Structure of Prefrontal Cortex Layer V Pyramidal Neurons following Prolonged Binge-Like Consumption of Ethanol

Comprehensive Review of Golgi Staining Methods for Nervous Tissue

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