Mercury spikes at the Devonian-Carboniferous boundary in the eastern part of the Rhenohercynian Zone (central Europe) and in the South China Block

Kalvoda, Jiří; Kumpan, Tomáš; Qie, Wenkun; Frýda, Jiří; Bábek, Ondřej

doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2019.05.043

Cited by 24 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…Newer and more precise age dates of the F-F boundary via U/Pb geochronology in zircons (Percival et al, 2018) are most closely associated with the Viluy Traps (Tomshin et al, 2018), but cyclostratigraphy studies and geochemical proxies for volcanism suggest that this association remains somewhat conjectural (Pas et al, 2018;Percival et al, 2018;Racki et al, in press). Furthermore, other Late Devonian pulses of extinction are not associated with any known LIPs (Bond and Wignall, 2014;Ernst, 2014), even if they show trace element evidence that suggests massive volcanism (Kalvoda et al, 2019;Paschall et al, 2019). It is of course possible that any LIPs in the Panthallasic Ocean have been completely subducted (Kaiser et al, 2016), or that LIPs associated with the F-F boundary simply have not yet been discovered.…”

Section: Triggers For Anoxia and Extinctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleogeography and paleoenvironments of the Late Devonian Kellwasser event: A review of its sedimentological and geochemical expression

Carmichael

Waters

Königshof

et al. 2019

Global and Planetary Change

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The Late Devonian (383-359 Ma) was a time of prolonged climate instability with catastrophic perturbation of global marine ecosystems at the Frasnian-Famennian (F-F) and the Devonian-Carboniferous (D-C) boundaries. The causes and mechanisms of anoxia and extinction at the F-F interval are not clearly delineated, and alternative explanations for virtually every aspect of this interval are still intensely debated. In many (but not all) locations, the F-F interval is characterized by two dark, organic-rich lithologies: the Lower and Upper Kellwasser beds (as originally described in Germany) that represent a stepwise ocean anoxia and extinction sequence. The Upper and Lower Kellwasser anoxia event beds are often collectively termed the Kellwasser Event, and the termination of this sequence is within the Upper Kellwasser Event at the F-F boundary. Current knowledge is limited by significant sampling bias, as most previous studies sampled epicontinental seaways or passive continental shelves, primarily from localities across Europe and North America. Together these formed a single equatorial continent with a rising mountain chain during the Late Devonian. Our understanding of the Kellwasser Event is thus based on data and observations from a restricted set of paleoenvironments that may not represent the complete range of Late Devonian environments and oceanic conditions. In the last decade, new methodologies and research in additional paleoenvironments around the world confirm that the Kellwasser Event was global in scope, but also that its expression varies with both paleoenvironment and paleogeography. Studying the many differing geochemical and lithological expressions of the Kellwasser Event using a) a wide variety of paleoenvironments, b) a multiproxy approach, and c) placement of results into the broader context of Late Devonian marine biodiversity patterns is vital for understanding the true scope of ocean anoxia, and determining the causes of the marine biodiversity crisis at the F-F boundary.

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Section: Triggers For Anoxia and Extinctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleogeography and paleoenvironments of the Late Devonian Kellwasser event: A review of its sedimentological and geochemical expression

Carmichael

Waters

Königshof

et al. 2019

Global and Planetary Change

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“…The basinal DCB succession is well-exposed in the Duli section (GPS coordinates: 107°20′ 05.5′′ E 25°23′ 50.1′′ N) and crops out along the X921 road, near the Duli village of Nandan County, Guangxi (Kalvoda et al 2019;Nie 2019). The stratigraphic sequence is basically the same as its equivalent in Muhua area, with a 10~20 cm-thick black shale separating the cephalopod-bearing Wuzhishan lime mudstone from the overlying Wangyou nodular and banded limestone (Fig.…”

Section: Deep-water Basinal Faciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the basal Wangyou Formation, the organic-rich (TOC up to 3.37%) black shale with Hg spike contains abundant detrital zircons (> 200 grains per kg) and is correlated with the Hangenberg Black Shale and the Hangenberg Sandstone of the Rhenish Massif (Kalvoda et al 2019). The Wangyou Formation (5.3-m thick) is mainly composed of thin-bedded argillaceous limestone, marlstone, lime mudstone, and nodular limestone with abundant and diverse conodonts, spanning from the upper Si.…”

Section: Deep-water Basinal Faciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Devonian-Carboniferous boundary in China

Qie

Sun

Wen

et al. 2021

Palaeobio Palaeoenv

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The Devonian-Carboniferous transition is marked by major perturbations to the Earth's climate system and marine redox conditions, a first-order mass extinction, and the succeeding marine ecosystem recovery, recording a sequence of environmental and biotic events. In South China, there exist numerous well-preserved and continuous Devonian-Carboniferous boundary successions that were formed in low-latitude passive margin basin, and this presents a unique opportunity to decipher the strata along a proximal to basinal transect using integrated biostratigraphical, event-stratigraphical, and geochemical approaches. Our geochemical data (δ 13 C carb , δ 15 N bulk , δ 238 U and Mo/U enrichments, I/Ca ratio) indicated local and global C-N cycling perturbations and marine anoxia in the main phase of the Hangenberg Crisis interval (Middle Siphonodella praesulcata Zone), which coincided with a major regression in South China. Stromatoporoid biostromes and most typical Devonian faunas did not survive into the interval, and the deep-water black shales yield only opportunistic survivors, such as ammonoid Postclymenia cf. evoluta and bivalve Guerichina, along with miospores belonging to the LN Zone. The upper Hangenberg Crisis interval (Upper Si. praesulcata Zone, equal to the Protognathodus kockeli Zone) is marked by initial post-glacial transgression, a global δ 13 C carb spike, and opportunistic faunal blooms, coincident with conodont biofacies shift to the polygnathid-protognathodid biofacies. The Protognathodus fauna, nearly absent from platform facies, is often found in the condensed upper crisis interval of the basin, slope, and platform margin facies within the Youjiang Basin, although the abundance is extremely low and the phylogenetic lineage of Pr. meischneri-Pr. collinsoni-Pr. kockeli cannot be recognised in most successions. In South China, the first occurrence of Pr. kockeli seems to correspond to lithofacies changes, recorded in the first level of transgression just above the Hangenberg Sandstone event. Multiple lines of evidence, including great spatial heterogeneity of δ 13 C carb and δ 15 N bulk records, extremes of redox proxies, and lack of macrofossils, suggest that marine habitats remained in a critical/turbulent state during the Upper Si. praesulcata Zone, triggering the opportunistic blooms and minor extinctions. Following the crisis intervals, radiation/ recovery of many fossil groups did not occur until the upper part of the Siphonodella sulcata Zone to the Si. duplicata Zone. In particular, a negative shift of δ 13 C carb to pre-crisis values occurring near the base of the Si. sulcata/Pr. kuehni Zone could be recognised worldwide. The research history, current status, and achievement of Devonian-Carboniferous boundary in China are briefly reviewed.

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“…7), such as in Poland 5,6,53 , Germany ( 7,(54)(55)(56), the Iberian Peninsula 57 and China 58 . Recently, convincing evidence of increased volcanic and hydrothermal activity as given by mercury spikes has been detected in the HC interval in Vietnam 10 ; the Czech Republic 11 ; south China 7,11 ; the Holy Cross Mountains, Poland 7 ; Thuringia and Bavaria, Germany 6,7,9 ; and the Carnic Alps in Austria and Italy 6,12 . Menor-Salvan et al 57 described a hydrothermal peak in the Iberian Peninsula, the last phase of which (at ~ 360 Ma) formed the world's largest cinnabar ore reservoir in Almadén.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Mercury spikes as evidence of extended arc-volcanism around the Devonian–Carboniferous boundary in the South Tian Shan (southern Uzbekistan)

Rakociński

Pisarzowska

Corradini

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Recently, the end-Devonian mass extinction (Hangenberg Crisis, 359 Ma) was identified as a first-order mass extinction, albeit not one of the “Big Five” events. Many marine and terrestrial organisms were affected by this crisis. The cause of this mass extinction is still conjectural and widely discussed. Here we report anomalously high mercury (Hg) concentrations from the South Tian Shan (Uzbekistan), together with correlation using conodont biostratigraphic data. Hg enrichment (to 5825 ppb) was detected in marine deposits encompassing the Hangenberg Crisis. In the Novchomok section, the Hangenberg Crisis interval does not contain typical Hangenberg Black Shales; however, by means of inorganic geochemistry (enrichment of redox-sensitive elements such as Mo, V, and U) we detected an equivalent level despite the lack of marked facies changes. This is the first record of Hg and Hg/total organic carbon anomalies in marly shales, marls and carbonates that are totally independent of facies changes, implying that volcanism was the most probable cause of the Hangenberg Crisis. This conclusion is confirmed by the presence of a negative δ13C excursion, which may reflect massive release of isotopically light carbon from volcanogenic and thermogenic devolatilization likely combined with increased arc-volcanism activity worldwide at the end of the Devonian.

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Mercury spikes at the Devonian-Carboniferous boundary in the eastern part of the Rhenohercynian Zone (central Europe) and in the South China Block

Cited by 24 publications

References 103 publications

Paleogeography and paleoenvironments of the Late Devonian Kellwasser event: A review of its sedimentological and geochemical expression

Paleogeography and paleoenvironments of the Late Devonian Kellwasser event: A review of its sedimentological and geochemical expression

Devonian-Carboniferous boundary in China

Mercury spikes as evidence of extended arc-volcanism around the Devonian–Carboniferous boundary in the South Tian Shan (southern Uzbekistan)

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