Mercury in Populations of River Dolphins of the Amazon and Orinoco Basins

Mosquera-Guerra, Federico; Trujillo, Fernando; Parks, Danni; Oliveira‐da‐Costa, Marcelo; Damme, Paul A. Van; Echeverria, Aldo; Franco, Nicole; Carvajal-Castro, Juan D.; Mantilla-Meluk, Hugo; Marmontel, Míriam; Armenteras, Dolors

doi:10.1007/s10393-019-01451-1

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…In mammals, mercury intoxication causes neurological and reproductive disorders, and immunosuppression 66 – 68 . High total mercury loads (from 0.61 to 2.3 mg/kg wet weight) were recently described in muscle samples of eight of the Amazon river dolphins from the Tapajós River 69 , also analyzed in the present study. Five Amazon river dolphins from the Tapajós River were in poor nutritional condition, with three individuals presenting loss of nucal fat and one of them also presenting marked scapula and rib cage.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

“…According to da Silva 6 and Hrbek et al 7 , the Iniidae comprises three species: the Araguaian boto ( Inia araguaiaensis ), the Bolivian river dolphin ( I. boliviensis ), and the Amazon river dolphin or boto ( Inia geoffrensis ). The Iniidae are widely distributed throughout rivers and lakes of the Amazon, Orinoco and Araguaia-Tocantins basins 7 , 8 , and are strongly dependent on river margins and flooded forests 9 , 10 . The genus Inia is considered Endangered by the IUCN Red List and the Brazilian Ministry of Environment 11 , 12 especially due to illegal hunting 11 , 13 , but also to several other factors such as habitat fragmentation, mining-related pollution (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Highly divergent herpesviruses in threatened river dolphins from Brazil

Novoselecki

Catão‐Dias

Ewbank

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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River dolphins are a highly threatened polyphyletic group comprised of four odontocete families: Iniidae, Pontoporiidae, Lipotidae, and Platanistidae, the first two endemic to South America. To address the knowledge gap regarding infectious agents in this cetacean group, we surveyed the presence of herpesviruses by PCR in skin and/or blood samples of live-captured Amazon (Inia geoffrensis, n = 25) and Bolivian (Inia boliviensis, n = 22) river dolphins of the Amazon basin and in selected tissue samples of franciscanas (Pontoporia blainvillei, n = 27) stranded or bycaught in southeastern Brazil. Additionally, available franciscana tissue samples were examined by histopathology. Herpesvirus DNA was amplified in 13 Bolivian river dolphins (59.1%, 95% CI 38.5–79.6%) and 14 franciscanas (51.9%, 95% CI 33.0–70.7%). All Amazon river dolphins were herpesvirus-negative. Two different herpesviruses were found in Bolivian river dolphins: a previously known gammaherpesvirus detected in blood and/or skin samples of all positive individuals and a novel alphaherpesvirus in the skin of one animal. A new gammaherpesvirus was found in several franciscana samples—the first herpesvirus recorded in Pontoporiidae. Intranuclear inclusion bodies consistent with herpesvirus were observed in the lymph node of one franciscana. The high divergence among the obtained herpesviruses and those previously described can be explained by viral-host coevolution, and by the fact that these populations are fairly isolated.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly divergent herpesviruses in threatened river dolphins from Brazil

Novoselecki

Catão‐Dias

Ewbank

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…Field work was conducted in locations previously investigated by Gómez-Salazar et al (2012a, 2012b, Mosquera-Guerra et al (2019), and Trujillo et al (2019) in the Colombian and Peruvian Amazon and the Orinoco River in Colombia (conservation and abundance estimates); Pavanato et al (2016) in the Tapajos River, Brazil (conservation and abundance estimates); and Aliaga-Rossel & Guizada Duran (2020) in San Martín and Iténez, Bolivia (abundance estimates).…”

Section: Dolphin Capture Protocol and Measurement Recordingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Home range and movements of Amazon river dolphins Inia geoffrensis in the Amazon and Orinoco river basins

Mosquera-Guerra

Trujillo

Oliveira‐da‐Costa

et al. 2021

Endang. Species. Res.

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Studying the variables that describe the spatial ecology of threatened species allows us to identify and prioritize areas that are critical for species conservation. To estimate the home range and core area of the Endangered (EN) Amazon river dolphin Inia geoffrensis, 23 individuals (6&female;, 17&male;) were tagged during the rising water period in the Amazon and Orinoco river basins between 2017 and 2018. The satellite tracking period ranged from 24 to 336 d (mean ± SE = 107 ± 15.7 d), and river dolphin movements ranged from 7.5 to 298 km (58 ± 13.4 km). Kernel density estimates were used to determine minimum home ranges at 95% (K95 = 6.2 to 233.9 km2; mean = 59 ± 13.5 km2) and core areas at 50% (K50 = 0.6 to 54.9 km2; mean = 9 ± 2.6 km2). Protected areas accounted for 45% of the K50 estimated core area. We observed dolphin individuals crossing country borders between Colombia and Peru in the Amazon basin, and between Colombia and Venezuela in the Orinoco basin. Satellite tracking allowed us to determine the different uses of riverine habitat types: main rivers (channels and bays, 52% of recorded locations), confluences (32%), lagoons (9.6%), and tributaries (6.2%). Satellite monitoring allowed us to better understand the ecological preferences of the species and demonstrated the importance of maintaining aquatic landscape heterogeneity and spatial connectivity for effective river dolphin conservation.

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“…Nat. 43(167):199-211, abril-junio de 2019 2017 ;Anderson, et al, 2018;Mosquera-Guerra, et al, 2018). Este tipo transformación de los ecosistemas acuáticos heterogéneos y complejos, especialmente en la Amazonia y la cuenca del Tocantins, como resultado de la construcción de más de un centenar de centrales hidroeléctricas provoca la homogeneización ecológica de estos sistemas, cambios en los pulsos de inundación aguas debajo de las represas, así como la retención de nutrientes como el nitrógeno y el fósforo, que limitan la productividad primaria en redes tróficas acuáticas (Forsberg, et al, 2017;Latrubesse, et al, 2017;Anderson, et al, 2018;Mosquera-Guerra, et al, 2018b).…”

Section: Ríosunclassified

“…Estos tensores han causado la transformación de extensas áreas ocupadas por los delfines de río en Suramérica. Arauho & Wang, (2014) señalaron los efectos que tendría en la población de la especie recientemente descrita I. araguaiaensis (Hrbek, et al, 2014), la presencia de siete proyectos hidroeléctricos, entre estos la hidroeléctrica de Tucuruí, los cuales transformarían el 54,9% de su área de distribución y restringirían los movimientos de la especie a tramos entre estos proyectos (Mosquera-Guerra, et al, 2018). Por otra parte, las especies I. boliviensis, I.g.…”

Section: Ríosunclassified

Delfines de río: especies indicadoras del estado de salud de los ecosistemas acuáticos de la Amazonia y la Orinoquia

Trujillo-González¹,

Mosquera-Guerra²,

Franco³

2019

Rev. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Ex. Fis. Nat.

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En el presente estudio se emplearon los tamaños poblacionales de dos géneros de delfines de río (Inia y Sotalia) como indicadores del estado de salud de 23 ecosistemas acuáticos asociados con las cuencas de los ríos Amazonas y Orinoco. La información se recopiló durante 30 expediciones científicas realizadas entre el 2006 y el 2017 en Colombia, Ecuador, Perú, Bolivia, Brasil y Venezuela. Los resultados evidenciaron procesos de degradación ecosistémica en los ríos Caquetá, Putumayo, Iténez y Grande en la cuenca del Amazonas, y en el Tocantins- Araguaia, el Guaviare y la cuenca alta del Orinoco. Esta condición puede verse incrementada en las próximas décadas debido a la pérdida de conectividad entre los Andes y el Amazonas por la presencia de 142 hidroeléctricas ya existentes y 160 que están en fase de planeación y han sido propuestas para los ríos que drenan desde las cabeceras andinas al Amazonas. Los impactos ecosistémicos en las redes tróficas acuáticas de estos sistemas generados por este tipo de infraestructura se han estudiado poco. Los resultados del estudio aportan importantes elementos para entender los procesos de degradación ocasionados por la fragmentación y la pérdida de la conectividad fluvial en la Amazonia y la Orinoquia a partir de los tamaños poblacionales de los delfines de río. Estos cetáceos tienen variados requerimientos ecológicos y se han adaptado evolutivamente a los cambios estacionales predecibles. Estas características ecológicas convierten a los delfines de río en excelentes indicadores para entender las afectaciones en los pulsos de inundación y sus efectos sobre la funcionalidad ecosistémica de los complejos sistemas hidrográficos de las cuencas del Amazonas y el Orinoco. © 2019. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Ex. Fis. Nat.

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Mercury in Populations of River Dolphins of the Amazon and Orinoco Basins

Cited by 20 publications

References 65 publications

Highly divergent herpesviruses in threatened river dolphins from Brazil

Highly divergent herpesviruses in threatened river dolphins from Brazil

Home range and movements of Amazon river dolphins Inia geoffrensis in the Amazon and Orinoco river basins

Delfines de río: especies indicadoras del estado de salud de los ecosistemas acuáticos de la Amazonia y la Orinoquia

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