Mercury exposure aboard an ore boat.

Roach, Richard; Busch, Stephanie

doi:10.1289/ehp.6798

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Specifically, there were five level 2b articles (6,7,57-59) and 22 level 4 articles (5,8,15,(60)(61)(62)(63)(64)(65)(66)(67)(68)(69)(70)(71)(72)(73)(74)(75)(76)(77)(78). The lowest air mercury concentration associated with clinical effects was 0.0042 mg/m 3 .…”

Section: Pulmonary/inhalationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There were three level 2b articles (6,7,58) and 22 level 4 articles (5,8,16,18,21,23,(66)(67)(68)(69)(71)(72)(73)(74)(78)(79)(80)(81)(82)(83)(84)(85) with data on spill amounts associated with clinical effects. The smallest well-quantified amount of elemental mercury associated with clinical effects was 1.1 g from a broken thermometer.…”

Section: Pulmonary/inhalationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most cases appeared to be the result of exposures lasting more than 1 day (5)(6)(7)(8)15,16,(18)(19)(20)(21)23,(57)(58)(59)(60)(61)(62)(63)(64)(67)(68)(69)(70)(71)(72)74,(76)(77)(78)81,82,84,85,(93)(94)(95)(96)(97)(98)(99)(100)(101)(102)(103)(104)(105). In general, the clinical effects associated with these relatively low-level, longer duration exposures tended to be less severe and slower in onset compared to high-dose exposures.…”

Section: Onset Of Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Elemental mercury exposure: An evidence-based consensus guideline for out-of-hospital management

Caravati

Erdman

Christianson

et al. 2008

Clinical Toxicology

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1) Patients with exposure due to suspected self-harm, abuse, misuse, or potentially malicious administration should be referred to an emergency department immediately regardless of the exposure reported (Grade D). 2) Patients with symptoms of acute elemental mercury poisoning (e.g., cough, dyspnea, chest pain) should be referred immediately to an emergency department for evaluation regardless of the reported dose. Patients with symptoms of chronic toxicity (rash, tremor, weight loss, etc.) should be referred for healthcare evaluation, the timing and location of which is guided by the severity of illness and circumstances of the exposure (Grade C). 3) If the elemental mercury was recently heated (e.g., from stove top, oven, furnace) in an enclosed area, all people within the exposure area should be evaluated at a healthcare facility due to the high risk of toxicity (Grade C). 4) If the elemental mercury was vacuumed or swept with a broom, the health department should be contacted to perform an environmental assessment for mercury contamination. Consider healthcare referral for those exposed to documented high air mercury concentrations (Grade C). 5) Patients ingesting more mercury than in a household fever thermometer or those with abdominal pain after ingestion should be referred to an emergency department for evaluation (Grade C). Do not induce emesis or administer activated charcoal. 6) Asymptomatic patients with brief, unintentional, low-dose vapor exposures can be observed at home. Asymptomatic patients can be evaluated as non-urgent outpatients if there is concern for exposures to high doses (e.g., more than contained in a thermometer) or for chronic duration (Grade D). 7) Pregnant patients unintentionally exposed to elemental mercury and who are asymptomatic should be evaluated by their obstetrician or primary care provider as an outpatient. Immediate referral to an ED is not required (Grade D). 8) Patients with elemental mercury deposited or injected into soft tissue should be referred for evaluation of surgical removal (Grade C). 9) All elemental mercury spills should be properly cleaned up, including the small amount of mercury from a broken thermometer. Brooms and vacuum cleaners should not be used to clean up elemental mercury. The clean-up of any spill larger than a broken thermometer should be performed by a professional company, state health department, or the EPA. Detailed instructions are provided on the EPA website: www.epa.gov/epaoswer/hazwaste/mercury/faq/spills.htm (Grade D). 10) Patients with dermal exposures should remove all jewelry and wash the affected area with mild soap and water. Remove all contaminated clothing and place these items in a sealed plastic double-bag for proper disposal (Grade D). 11) Do not discard elemental mercury in household trash, plumbing drains, or sewer systems. Consult local authorities for the proper disposal of low-level elemental mercury-contaminated household items and thermometers (Grade D).

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Section: Pulmonary/inhalationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pulmonary/inhalationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Onset Of Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Elemental mercury exposure: An evidence-based consensus guideline for out-of-hospital management

Caravati

Erdman

Christianson

et al. 2008

Clinical Toxicology

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“…Inorganic mercury toxicity has been extensively reviewed in the medical literature [NIOSH, 1973;Evans, 1998;ATSDR, 1999;Goyer and Clarkson, 2001;Clarkson et al, 2003;LaDou, 2004;Roach and Busch, 2004], and the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a known target. Inhalation of mercury vapor at concentrations of 0.2-1.2 mg/m 3 of air (m 3 , cubic meter) for prolonged periods can cause stomatitis, gingivitis, and salivation [Evans, 1998;ATSDR, 1999;Clarkson et al, 2003].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ulcerative colitis reactivation after mercury vapor inhalation

Cummings

Rosenman

2006

American J Industrial Med

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Mercury concentrations in bats (Chiroptera) from a gold mining area in the Peruvian Amazon

et al. 2017

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In the southeastern Peruvian Amazon, artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) is estimated to have released up to 300 tonnes of mercury (Hg) to the environment between 1995 and 2007 alone, and is claimed to be responsible for Hg concentrations above international thresholds for aquatic wildlife species. Here, we examined whether Hg concentrations in bat populations are potentially related to regional ASGM-Hg releases. We determined Hg concentrations in the fur of bats collected at three different distances from the major ASGM areas in Peru. Our findings from 204 individuals of 32 species indicate that Hg concentrations in bat fur mainly resulted from differences in feeding habits, because Hg concentrations were significantly higher in omnivorous bats than in frugivorous bats. At least in two species, populations living in ASGM-affected sites harbored higher Hg concentrations than did populations in unaffected sites. Because Hg concentrations reflect Hg dietary exposure, Hg emissions from amalgam roasting sites appear to deposit locally and enter the terrestrial food web. Although our study demonstrates that ASGM activities (and Hg point sources) increase Hg exposure in wildlife, the overall Hg concentrations reported here are relatively low. The measured Hg concentrations were below the toxicity threshold at which adverse neurological effects have been reported in rodents and mink (>10 µg g), and were in the range of Hg concentrations in the fur of bats from nonpoint source affected sites in other latitudes. This study emphasizes the importance of considering feeding habits when evaluating Hg concentrations in bats and other vertebrates.

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Mercury exposure aboard an ore boat.

Cited by 4 publications

References 19 publications

Elemental mercury exposure: An evidence-based consensus guideline for out-of-hospital management

Elemental mercury exposure: An evidence-based consensus guideline for out-of-hospital management

Ulcerative colitis reactivation after mercury vapor inhalation

Mercury concentrations in bats (Chiroptera) from a gold mining area in the Peruvian Amazon

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