Mercury Contents of Indicators and Target Organs in Rats After Long-Term, Low-Level, Mercury Vapor Exposure

Eide, Rune; Wesenberg, Gro Ramsten

doi:10.1006/enrs.1993.1065

Cited by 27 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…While Pacific cod muscle tissue is not directly comparable to the cod bone, average Hg concentrations in the soft tissue of waterfowl may be up two times higher than in bone (Rothschild and Duffy, 2005) while other studies indicate that there is a correlation between hard tissue (teeth) and soft-tissue Hg concentrations in some mammals (Eide and Wesenberg, 1993;Outridge et al, 2000). The inclusion of the cod muscle Hg data here is intended to provide some comparative modern baseline for the archeological materials.…”

Section: Frontiers In Environmental Science | Interdisciplinary Climamentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogeochemical analysis of ancient Pacific Cod bone suggests Hg bioaccumulation was linked to paleo sea level rise and climate change

Murray

McRoy

Duffy

et al. 2015

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Deglaciation at the end of the Pleistocene initiated major changes in ocean circulation and distribution. Within a brief geological time, large areas of land were inundated by sea-level rise and today global sea level is 120 m above its minimum stand during the last glacial maximum. This was the era of modern sea shelf formation; climate change caused coastal plain flooding and created broad continental shelves with innumerable consequences to marine and terrestrial ecosystems and human populations. In Alaska, the Bering Sea nearly doubled in size and stretches of coastline to the south were flooded, with regional variability in the timing and extent of submergence. Here we suggest how past climate change and coastal flooding are linked to mercury bioaccumulation that could have had profound impacts on past human populations and that, under conditions of continued climate warming, may have future impacts. Biogeochemical analysis of total mercury (tHg) and δ13C/δ15N ratios in the bone collagen of archeologically recovered Pacific Cod (Gadus macrocephalus) bone shows high levels of tHg during early/mid-Holocene. This pattern cannot be linked to anthropogenic activity or to food web trophic changes, but may result from natural phenomena such as increases in productivity, carbon supply and coastal flooding driven by glacial melting and sea-level rise. The coastal flooding could have led to increased methylation of Hg in newly submerged terrestrial land and vegetation. Methylmercury is bioaccumulated through aquatic food webs with attendant consequences for the health of fish and their consumers, including people. This is the first study of tHg levels in a marine species from the Gulf of Alaska to provide a time series spanning nearly the entire Holocene and we propose that past coastal flooding resulting from climate change had the potential to input significant quantities of Hg into marine food webs and subsequently to human consumers.

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Section: Frontiers In Environmental Science | Interdisciplinary Climamentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogeochemical analysis of ancient Pacific Cod bone suggests Hg bioaccumulation was linked to paleo sea level rise and climate change

Murray

McRoy

Duffy

et al. 2015

Front. Environ. Sci.

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“…Mercury has previously also been detected in rat molars by CVAAS in continuous mercury vapor exposure (8). The study showed that the levels were correlated with the exposure concentration and with the concentration in several target organs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Mercury has been found by cold vapor atomic absorption spectrophotometry (CVAAS j in unfilled human deciduous teeth (7). Mercury has also been detected by CVAAS in molars frorn rats exposed to graded doses of mercury vapor (8). .4 correlation between mercury levels in the molars and the exposure concentration suggested that rat molars can act as indicators of chronic mercury vapor exposure.…”

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confidence: 97%

Mercury content in rat teeth after administration of organic and inorganic mery the effects of interrupted exposure and of selenite

Eide

Schiønning

Ernst

et al. 1995

Acta Odontologica Scandinavica

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Rat molars are indicators of exposure concentration and target organ content in chronic mercury vapor exposure. We wished to study the accumulation and persistence of organic and inorganic mercury in rat teeth and the effect of selenium on mercury retention. Male Wistar rats received either inorganic or organic mercury (with or without addition of selenite), selenite only, or no mercury or selenite (controls) in the drinking water for 4 weeks. Group A was killed after exposure. Group B was killed 20 weeks later. The mercury content was measured by cold-vapor atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The mercury content in the molars in group B was 66% and 77% less than in group A after inorganic and organic exposure, respectively. In the incisors the corresponding reductions were 90% and 97%. Selenite had limited effect on mercury retention in group A and none in group B. We suggest that rat molars and, by inference, human deciduous teeth may serve as indicators of organic and inorganic mercury exposure.

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“…Mercury hair concentration is not a useful biomarker for both elemental and inorganic Hg due to the relatively minor amount of these species compared to organic Hg and the presence of external contamination [71]. Some studies examined the relationships between Hg concentrations in mammalian’s teeth following inhalation exposure of mercury vapor [74]. Since Hg deposits directly from the bloodstream into primary teeth during the mineralization process and enamel formation (that begins in utero and ends one year after birth), the spatial distribution of total Hg was used as an important tool in epidemiological studies relating to childhood development outcomes [75].…”

Section: Biomarkers Of Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Mercury in Children: Current State on Exposure through Human Biomonitoring Studies

Ruggieri

Majorani

Domanico

et al. 2017

IJERPH

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Mercury (Hg) in children has multiple exposure sources and the toxicity of Hg compounds depends on exposure routes, dose, timing of exposure, and developmental stage (be it prenatal or postnatal). Over the last decades, Hg was widely recognized as a threat to the children’s health and there have been acknowledgements at the international level of the need of a global policy intervention—like the Minamata treaty—aimed at reducing or preventing Hg exposure and protecting the child health. National human biomonitoring (HBM) data has demonstrated that low levels of exposure of Hg are still an important health concern for children, which no one country can solve alone. Although independent HBM surveys have provided the basis for the achievements of exposure mitigation in specific contexts, a new paradigm for a coordinated global monitoring of children’s exposure, aimed at a reliable decision-making tool at global level is yet a great challenge for the next future. The objective of the present review is to describe current HBM studies on Hg exposure in children, taking into account the potential pathways of Hg exposure and the actual Hg exposure levels assessed by different biomarkers.

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Mercury Contents of Indicators and Target Organs in Rats After Long-Term, Low-Level, Mercury Vapor Exposure

Cited by 27 publications

References 0 publications

Biogeochemical analysis of ancient Pacific Cod bone suggests Hg bioaccumulation was linked to paleo sea level rise and climate change

Biogeochemical analysis of ancient Pacific Cod bone suggests Hg bioaccumulation was linked to paleo sea level rise and climate change

Mercury content in rat teeth after administration of organic and inorganic mery the effects of interrupted exposure and of selenite

Mercury in Children: Current State on Exposure through Human Biomonitoring Studies

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