Mercury chemistry on brominated activated carbon

Sasmaz, Erdem; Kirchofer, Abby; Jew, Adam D.; Saha, Arindom; Abram, David N.; Jaramillo, Thomas F.; Wilcox, Jennifer

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2012.04.036

Cited by 130 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…In contrast, no Hg was identified in untreated zeolites, which is most likely due to the fact that all mercury adsorbed on untreated zeolites was in its elemental form, and when the high vacuum was applied during XPS analyses, mercury was desorbed from the samples. Such process was also described by Samaz et al [36] who investigated mercury adsorption onto brominated activated carbons.…”

Section: Mercury Adsorption Testsmentioning

confidence: 61%

Experimental study of mercury removal from exhaust gases

Wdowin

Wiatros-Motyka

Panek

et al. 2014

Fuel

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An initial study has been made of the use of synthetic zeolites for mercury capture from exhaust gases. Synthetic zeolites (Na-X and Na-P1), and for comparison a natural zeolite (clinoptilolite) and activated carbon with bromine (AC/Br) were tested for mercury uptake from a gaseous stream. The materials were subjected to mercury adsorption tests and their thermal stability was evaluated. The untreated synthetic zeolites had negligible mercury uptake, but after impregnation with silver, the adsorption of mercury was markedly improved.The synthetic zeolite Na-X impregnated with silver adsorbed significantly more mercury before breakthrough than the activated carbon impregnated with bromine, indicating the potential of zeolite derived from coal fly ash as a new sorbent for capture of mercury from flue gases.

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Section: Mercury Adsorption Testsmentioning

confidence: 61%

Experimental study of mercury removal from exhaust gases

Wdowin

Wiatros-Motyka

Panek

et al. 2014

Fuel

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“…10 Other halogen species can also oxidize Hg 0 , such as bromine 11,12 and iodine, of which iodine was found to be the most efficient oxidant. 10 Other halogen species can also oxidize Hg 0 , such as bromine 11,12 and iodine, of which iodine was found to be the most efficient oxidant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ag-modified AgI–TiO₂ as an excellent and durable catalyst for catalytic oxidation of elemental mercury

Zhao

et al. 2015

RSC Adv.

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was employed for the removal of elemental mercury (Hg 0 ) from flue gas, and extra elemental silver (Ag) was introduced to enhance the catalytic activity and stability. AgI-TiO 2 displayed an excellent effect on Hg 0 catalytic oxidation, and the Hg 0 oxidation efficiency was almost 100% with only 5 ppm HCl at 350 C, which was better than that of KI-Ti. Adding Ag to AgI-TiO 2 can notably prolong the period of high efficiency, and the Hg 0 oxidation efficiency was still above 90% after 10 h with only 2% Ag added.Doping with silver could suppress the decomposition of AgI and the loss of iodine, which maintains the stability of the catalyst performance. In addition, HCl was readily adsorbed and activated by the silver. The iodine in Ag(2%)-AgI-Ti mainly acted as an accelerant for Hg 0 oxidation by facilitating formation of the intermediate Hg-I*; then, chlorine can further convert the intermediate to HgCl 2 as the finalproduct. In addition, the thermogravimetric (TG) analysis proved that Ag(2%)-AgI-Ti showed a good stability at high temperature. Furthermore, the ion chromatogram tests also showed the chemical stability of AgI-Ti in the presence of Ag.

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“…For the unmodified fly ash sample, physical adsorption plays the leading role in the process of adsorbing Hg 0 . However, when ammonium bromide-modified samples were utilized, oxidation/ adsorption of mercury appeared to dominate [27]. Fly ash has a small surface area and pore volume, and thus, the physical ability of capturing elemental mercury is not significant.…”

Section: Analysis Of Cem Fixed-bed Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of elemental mercury adsorption by fly ash modified with ammonium bromide

Zhang

Lin

et al. 2015

J Therm Anal Calorim

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Coal-fired power plants are significant contributors to the anthropogenic emission of mercury. This study focus on evaluated the methods for modification and preparation of fly ash adsorbent which can be applied to adsorb mercury from power plants. Comparing with isometric impregnation and ion exchange method, it was found that the cost and preparation time of the mechanochemical method significantly reduced. Hg 0 adsorption performances of NH 4 Br-modified fly ashes and subsequent effects of mechanical energy on modifying fly ash were investigated, and the results indicated that increasing mechanical force can make the distribution of bromides to be more uniform and increase the number of surface active sites and groups. Furthermore, Hg 0 removal efficiency improved significantly with the increasing bromine loading at 150°C. There is a positive correlation between mechanical energy on modifying fly ash and subsequently Hg 0 adsorption performance. TG/MS analysis was utilized to determine the thermal stability and released material of different samples. Results demonstrated the release of ammonia, which from the modified fly ashes with mechanochemical method, most likely enhances the oxidation and subsequent adsorption of mercury in the 150-200°C temperature range. All results revealed that the mechanochemical application method for adsorbent preparation on site is competitive on economy, practicability, and mercury removal efficiency.

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Mercury chemistry on brominated activated carbon

Cited by 130 publications

References 36 publications

Experimental study of mercury removal from exhaust gases

Experimental study of mercury removal from exhaust gases

Ag-modified AgI–TiO₂ as an excellent and durable catalyst for catalytic oxidation of elemental mercury

Evaluation of elemental mercury adsorption by fly ash modified with ammonium bromide

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Mercury chemistry on brominated activated carbon

Cited by 130 publications

References 36 publications

Experimental study of mercury removal from exhaust gases

Experimental study of mercury removal from exhaust gases

Ag-modified AgI–TiO2 as an excellent and durable catalyst for catalytic oxidation of elemental mercury

Evaluation of elemental mercury adsorption by fly ash modified with ammonium bromide

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Product

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Ag-modified AgI–TiO₂ as an excellent and durable catalyst for catalytic oxidation of elemental mercury