Mercury Capture on Fly Ash and Sorbents: The Effects of Coal Properties and Combustion Conditions

Hutson, Nick D.

doi:10.1007/s11267-007-9151-9

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Until 2008, nearly 90 full-scale ACI systems have been ordered by U.S. coal-fired power generators, accounting for over 44 GW of coal-fired elec. generating capacity, and now more coal fired power plants are installing or considering installing the Hg removal facilities using activated carbon injection technology [33][34][35].…”

Section: Mercury Control Technology and The Remaining Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Mercury Emissions in USA and China-The Way of Effective Control of Hg from the Power Plant

Wang¹,

Xu²

2014

Int J Waste Resources

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Coal-fired power plants are the largest sources of mercury in China as well as United States, accounting for nearly 50% of industrial mercury releases. USA consumed much more coal than China before 1987, while no Hg control measures had been taken during this period. There has been lots of background Hg emitted into air system, including those from mining, oil & gas extraction, coal combustion, volcanoes and geothermal et.al. However the coal combustion has been considered as the dominant sources. Since 2005, quite a few coal power plants started adopting mercury control measures based on the powder Active Carbon Injection (ACI) technology in USA, metallic Hg emission to air environment has been thus significantly reduced, but leading to Hg content in fly ash is up to 10 ppm, potentially a Hg pollution source if not disposed properly. Although short terms studies have showed little leachate of Hg occurred from the fly dust, there is a potential that the landfilled or dumped dust may be a possible source for the Hg leachate to contaminate underground water in long term, as Hg is mainly trapped as Hg 2+ or other forms, which are either soluble or minor soluble in water and could go to water environment. Based on this analysis, a more safe and reliable Hg removal technology has been developed and tested. Comparison of Mercury Emissions in USA and

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Section: Mercury Control Technology and The Remaining Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Mercury Emissions in USA and China-The Way of Effective Control of Hg from the Power Plant

Wang¹,

Xu²

2014

Int J Waste Resources

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“…FA can also be employed as a mercury adsorbent for removing gaseous mercury from flue gas (Hassett and Eylands, 1999;Serre and Silcox, 2000;Hutson, 2008 (Galbreath and Zygarlicke, 2000;Lopez-Anton et al, 2011). The present form of Hg 2+ was found to be HgCl 2 and HgO primarily, which could be adsorbed on the residual carbon surface in FA (Galbreath and Zygarlicke, 2000;Lopez-Anton et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emission and Species Distribution of Mercury during Thermal Treatment of Coal Fly Ash

Wang

Shi

Chiang

et al. 2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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The thermal treatment of coal fly ash (FA) utilized by industries will inevitably lead to the emission of mercury, potentially causing atmospheric pollution. The present study is aimed at understanding the emission amount and species distribution of mercury during FA thermal treatment, and attempts were made to further provide basic data of mercury emission for environmental utilization of the FA by industries as raw materials. The physio-chemical properties of FA were analyzed and FA samples were heated at 200-1200°C in a tubular furnace in an oxidizing atmosphere. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was carried out to determine the content of residual carbon in FA. The mercury species distribution was determined using United States EPA method 3200. The results indicated that semi-mobile mercury was the main mercury species in FA. Owing to the adsorption of residual carbon on Hg 0 , more residual carbon which lead to higher proportion of semi-mobile obtained in coarser size grades. 20% of total mercury emitted at 206°C, followed by a rapid growth of the emission rate of mercury at above 206°C, and the emission of total mercury achieved to be 50% and 90% corresponding to 291°C and 515°C, respectively. A distinct transformation from semi-mobile mercury to extractable mercury occurred at 200°C due to catalytic oxidation of Hg 0 and enhance the mobility and potential toxicity of mercury. Both extractable and semi-mobile mercury decreased sharply at 300-400°C. Finally, the non-mobile mercury was emitted with combustion of residual carbon in FA at 600-800°C. It was thus concluded that measures would be taken to control emission of mercury for environmentally friendly utilization of coal FA by industries when the FA was heated higher than 300°C.

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“…Mercury is a component of coal and is released as Hg 0 during combustion. Mercury reacts with different flue gas components and exists in three different forms in flue gases: elemental Hg 0 , Hg 2þ (e.g., HgCl 2 ), and particulate Hg (Hg p ) (Hutson, 2008;Pavlish et al, 2003;Senior, 2007). The elemental mercury (similar to NO) does not dissolve in water and is usually not captured by the air pollutant control devices (APCDs), whereas the particulate Hg (Hg p ) is captured upstream by particulate control devices, e.g., an electrostatic precipitator (ESP) or a fabric filter (FF).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of solution pH on SO₂, NO_x, and Hg removal from simulated coal combustion flue gas in an oxidant-enhanced wet scrubber

Krzyżyńska

Hutson

2012

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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This paper presents a study on the simultaneous removal of SO2, NO(x) and Hg (both Hg0 and Hg2+) from a simulated flue gas by oxidant injection in a bench-simulated wet limestone scrubber for a wide range of slurry pH. The slurry pH strongly influenced the chemical mechanism in the scrubber and, therefore, affected pollutant removal. This paper also examines the potential ClO2(gas) reemission from a developed multipollutant scrubber at different slurry pHs. To better understand the chemical mechanisms at each slurry pH and to apply a mass balance to the process, detailed product ion analyses were performed for all experiments. Ion analysis covered three different chlorine species (chlorite, chloride, chlorate), sulfate, nitrite and nitrate. Different NO(x) removal efficiencies and mechanisms were found in acidic and alkaline pHs in the multipollutant scrubber. The acidic solution was favorable for NO and Hg0 oxidation, but increasing the slurry pH above 7.0 was disadvantageous for NO and Hg oxidation/removal. However the rate of NO(x) absorption (by percentage) was higher for the alkaline solution.

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Mercury Capture on Fly Ash and Sorbents: The Effects of Coal Properties and Combustion Conditions

Cited by 18 publications

References 18 publications

Comparison of Mercury Emissions in USA and China-The Way of Effective Control of Hg from the Power Plant

Comparison of Mercury Emissions in USA and China-The Way of Effective Control of Hg from the Power Plant

Emission and Species Distribution of Mercury during Thermal Treatment of Coal Fly Ash

Effect of solution pH on SO₂, NO_x, and Hg removal from simulated coal combustion flue gas in an oxidant-enhanced wet scrubber

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Mercury Capture on Fly Ash and Sorbents: The Effects of Coal Properties and Combustion Conditions

Cited by 18 publications

References 18 publications

Comparison of Mercury Emissions in USA and China-The Way of Effective Control of Hg from the Power Plant

Comparison of Mercury Emissions in USA and China-The Way of Effective Control of Hg from the Power Plant

Emission and Species Distribution of Mercury during Thermal Treatment of Coal Fly Ash

Effect of solution pH on SO2, NOx, and Hg removal from simulated coal combustion flue gas in an oxidant-enhanced wet scrubber

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Product

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Effect of solution pH on SO₂, NO_x, and Hg removal from simulated coal combustion flue gas in an oxidant-enhanced wet scrubber