Mercury, cadmium, lead and selenium in ringed seals (Phoca hispida) from the Baltic Sea and from Svalbard

Fant, Marie Louise; Nyman, Madeleine; Helle, Eero; Rudbäck, E.

doi:10.1016/s0269-7491(00)00078-6

Cited by 44 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…As in other pinniped species (e.g. Wagemann et al 1988, Dietz et al 1996, de Moreno et al 1997, Julshamn & Grahl-Nielsen 2000, Fant et al 2001, each trace element analysed was mainly concentrated in a specific tissue. Thus, the highest concentrations of Cu, Hg, Se and Zn were found in the liver, whereas the kidney contained the highest Cd concentrations (Table 2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Trace element bioaccumulation in grey seals Halichoerus grypus from the Faroe Islands

Bustamante¹,

Morales²,

Mikkelsen³

et al. 2004

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Grey seals Halichoerus grypus were sampled in the Faroe Islands archipelago during the summers of 1993 to 1995. Concentrations of Cd, Cu, Hg, Se and Zn were measured in the liver, kidney and muscle of 68 seals. All elements except Zn exhibited lowest concentrations in the muscle. The liver contained the highest concentrations of Cu, Hg, Se and Zn, while the kidney contained the highest Cd concentrations. However, trace element concentrations within the tissues were influenced by sex and age. Thus, females had clearly higher Cd concentrations than males. Age was the most important factor influencing the concentration of Cd, Hg and Se in the liver, and of Cd and Hg in the kidney. A strong positive correlation between Cd, Hg and Zn in the kidney suggests the presence of a detoxification process involving metallothionein proteins. Similarly, a strong positive correlation between Hg and Se and a molecular Hg:Se ratio close to 1 in the liver suggests a demethylation process leading to the formation of mercuric selenide granules. High Hg concentrations could be related to fish consumption by the grey seal, but a piscivorous diet could not be responsible for the very high Cd concentrations. This suggests that the seals' diet changes during the year, and may include a significant proportion of cephalopods in seasons other than summer. Finally very high Cd concentrations in grey seal tissues compared to other grey seal populations also suggest that the Faroe Islands are subject to sub-arctic influences.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Trace element bioaccumulation in grey seals Halichoerus grypus from the Faroe Islands

Bustamante¹,

Morales²,

Mikkelsen³

et al. 2004

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Several individuals in this study had Cd and Hg liver concentrations that exceeded thresholds for toxicity (Table 2 and Table 3). Eleven animals had liver concentrations of Cd that could cause kidney damage according to observations made by Lavery et al (2009) in Southern Australian bottlenose dolphins ( Tursiops aduncus ) (5 – 37 µg/g wet mass fraction), and five of those animals had Cd concentrations within the effect range of 20 – 200 µg/g wet mass fraction in liver extrapolated for marine mammals from human studies (Table 2) (Fant et al 2001; Fujise et al 1988; Law 1996). The greatest concentrations of Cd were measured in adult false killer whale KW2010019; juvenile Cuvier’s beaked whale KW2008008; two adult dwarf sperm whales 15377 and KW2009012; and adult striped dolphin KW2010008 (Table 2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Trace Element Concentrations in Liver of 16 Species of Cetaceans Stranded on Pacific Islands from 1997 through 2013

Hansen

Bryan

West

et al. 2015

Arch Environ Contam Toxicol

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The impacts of anthropogenic contaminants on marine ecosystems are a concern worldwide. Anthropogenic activities can enrich trace elements in marine biota to concentrations that may negatively impact organism health. Exposure to elevated concentrations of trace elements is considered a contributing factor in marine mammal population declines. Hawai'i is an increasingly important geographic location for global monitoring, yet trace element concentrations have not been quantified in Hawaiian cetaceans, and there is little trace element data for Pacific cetaceans. This study measured trace elements (Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Sr, Cd, Sn, Hg, and Pb) in liver of 16 species of cetaceans that stranded on U.S. Pacific Islands from 1997–2013, using high resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HR-ICP-MS) (n = 31), and direct mercury analysis atomic absorption spectrometry (DMA-AAS) (n = 43). Concentration ranges (µg/g wet mass fraction) for non-essential trace elements such as Cd (0.0031–58.93) and Hg (0.0062–1571.75) were much greater than essential trace elements such as Mn (0.590–17.31) and Zn (14.72–245.38). Differences were found among age classes in Cu, Zn, Hg, and Se concentrations. The highest concentrations of Se, Cd, Sn, Hg, and Pb were found in one adult female false killer whale (Pseudorca crassidens) at concentrations that are known to affect health in marine mammals. The results of this study establish initial trace element concentration ranges for Pacific cetaceans in the Hawaiian Islands region, provide insights into contaminant exposure of these marine mammals, and contribute to a greater understanding of anthropogenic impacts in the Pacific Ocean.

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“…This shows that demethylation of methyl Hg is promoted in the body, particularly in the liver (Caurant et al 1996;Meador et al 1999;Cardellichio et al 2000;Cardellicchio et al 2002). In addition, a positive correlation between Se and T-Hg was found in marine mammals with high T-Hg in the liver (Caurant et al 1996;Wagemann et al 1998;Meador et al 1999;Fant et al 2001;Woshner et al 2001;Cardellicchio et al 2002;Endo et al 2002;Decataldo et al 2004). It is generally accepted that the Hg toxicity is reduced by being bonded with selenium (Wagemann et al 1998;Cardellichio et al 2000;Endo et al 2002;Arai et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Mercury (Hg), one of the most toxic elements, is commonly found in the global environment, and is present at very high concentrations in marine mammals (Wagemann et al 1998;Cardellichio et al 2000;Fant et al 2001;Woshner et al 2001;Cardellicchio et al 2002;Chen et al Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10646-014-1307-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment of a primary hepatocyte culture from the small Indian mongoose (Herpestes auropunctatus) and distribution of mercury in liver tissue

et al. 2014

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The present study established a primary hepatocyte culture for the small Indian mongoose (Herpestes auropunctatus). To determine the suitable medium for growing the primary hepatic cells of this species, we compared the condition of cells cultured in three media that are frequently used for mammalian cell culture: Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium, RPMI-1640, and William's E. Of these, William's E medium was best suited for culturing the hepatic cells of this species. Using periodic acid-Schiff staining and ultrastructural observations, we demonstrated the cells collected from mongoose livers were hepatocytes. To evaluate the distribution of mercury (Hg) in the liver tissue, we carried out autometallography staining. Most of the Hg compounds were found in the central region of hepatic lobules. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum, which plays a role inxenobiotic metabolism, lipid/cholesterol metabolism, and the digestion and detoxification of lipophilic substances is grown in this area. This suggested that Hg colocalized with smooth endoplasmic reticulum. The results of the present study could be useful to identify the detoxification systems of wildlife with high Hg content in the body, and to evaluate the susceptibility of wildlife to Hg toxicity.

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Mercury, cadmium, lead and selenium in ringed seals (Phoca hispida) from the Baltic Sea and from Svalbard

Cited by 44 publications

References 18 publications

Trace element bioaccumulation in grey seals Halichoerus grypus from the Faroe Islands

Trace element bioaccumulation in grey seals Halichoerus grypus from the Faroe Islands

Trace Element Concentrations in Liver of 16 Species of Cetaceans Stranded on Pacific Islands from 1997 through 2013

Establishment of a primary hepatocyte culture from the small Indian mongoose (Herpestes auropunctatus) and distribution of mercury in liver tissue

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