Menthol and Fatty Acid-Based Hydrophobic Deep Eutectic Solvents as Media for Enzyme Activation

Abstract

This research aims to provide insights into the biological efficacy of a newly formed hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent (DES). A DES based on menthol was successfully synthesized with fatty acids. The DESs’ properties as enzyme activators were examined against a neat counterpart. The menthol:decanoic acid (1:1) combination showed improved thermal stability, strong catalytic activity, and reusability for up to four subsequent cycles under ideal conditions (pH 7.0, 40 °C for 2 h). The hydrophobic DES replaced hexane in ester synthesis, where RNL@DES5 showed better fatty acid conversion compared to neat RNL. This study demonstrated promising applications of hydrophobic DESs in non-aqueous organic reactions.

Hope-hype of green innovation, corporate governance index, and impact on firm financial performance: a comparative study of Southeast Asian countries

“…Additionally, the green innovation practice and proper corporate governance can minimize the impact mostly in most polluted industries such as pharmaceutical (Elgharbawy et al 2023), chemical, energy and oil, and gas. For instance, researchers (Malik et al 2023) have used ionic liquids for the separation of ethanol and lactic acid (Khan et al 2022a;Khan et al 2023) from water and salicylic acids from wastewater (Ting et al 2021), another exemplary research on hydrogen-based energy and biofuels (Khan and Athar 2015) solutions for clean emission (Islam et al 2022) with better efficiency (Qureshi et al 2022).…”