Mental malfunction and memory maintenance mechanisms

Kavanau, J. Lee

doi:10.1054/mehy.1999.0926

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Early links are based on the conjecture that dreams serve to repeat fragments of waking experience (Ladd, ). De Manacéine (1897) noted that dreams “have a direct salutary influence insofar as they serve to exercise regions of the brain which in the waking state remain unemployed” (cited in Kavanau, ).…”

Section: Spw‐r‐supported Memory Consolidationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hippocampal sharp wave‐ripple: A cognitive biomarker for episodic memory and planning

2015

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Sharp wave ripples (SPW-Rs) represent the most synchronous population pattern in the mammalian brain. Their excitatory output affects a wide area of the cortex and several subcortical nuclei. SPW-Rs occur during ‘off-line’ states of the brain, associated with consummatory behaviors and non-REM sleep, and are influenced by numerous neurotransmitters and neuromodulators. They arise from the excitatory recurrent system of the CA3 region and the SPW-induced excitation brings about a fast network oscillation (ripple) in CA1. The spike content of SPW-Rs is temporally and spatially coordinated by a consortium of interneurons to replay fragments of waking neuronal sequences in a compressed format. SPW-Rs assist in transferring this compressed hippocampal representation to distributed circuits to support memory consolidation; selective disruption of SPW-Rs interferes with memory. Recently acquired and pre-existing information are combined during SPW-R replay to influence decisions, plan actions and, potentially, allow for creative thoughts. In addition to the widely studied contribution to memory, SPW-Rs may also affect endocrine function via activation of hypothalamic circuits. Alteration of the physiological mechanisms supporting SPW-Rs leads to their pathological conversion, “p-ripples”, which are a marker of epileptogenic tissue and can be observed in rodent models of schizophrenia and Alzheimer’s Disease. Mechanisms for SPW-R genesis and function are discussed in this review.

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Section: Spw‐r‐supported Memory Consolidationmentioning

confidence: 99%