Mental Health Status, Drug Treatment Use, and Needle Sharing Among Injection Drug Users

Lundgren, Lena; Amodeo, Maryann; Chassler, Deborah

doi:10.1521/aeap.2005.17.6.525

Cited by 76 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…This result was similar to performed studies in this field (3,7,8). Furthermore, concomitant addiction to both narcotics and alcohol did not increase the chance of criminal activity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…In Hemphill and Fisher study, 52% of psychiatric patients were addicted to at least alcohol or one narcotic agent (6). Similar results have also been reported in several studies from Iran (7)(8)(9). Some studies reported that drug abuse is a factor that drives people toward perpetration of crimes, and there is a high correlation between these two variables (5,(10)(11)(12).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 88%

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Relationship Between Psychiatric Distress and Criminal History Among Intravenous Drug Abusers in Iran

Sahebi¹,

Abadi²,

Mousavi³

et al. 2015

Iran J Psychiatry Behav Sci

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Background: Sychotropic agents (alcohol, drugs, and illicit substances) have an important effect on the occurrence or exacerbation of psychological and behavioral derangements such as criminal activity and mental abnormalities. Objectives: The objective was to assess the relationship between psychiatric distress and criminal history among abusers of intravenous drugs, including heroin, benzodiazepine, codeine, cannabis, opium, and ecstasy. Materials and Methods:Criminal activity history and psychiatric distress were evaluated among intravenous drug abusers in drop-in centers (DIC) (141 subjects) and an outpatient service to delivery methadone to the addicts located in Razy Hospital (Baghdad, Iraq) (120 subjects). Logistic regression analyses using the SPSS for Windows 18.0 were used for analyzing the data. Results: About 86% of the intravenous drug abusers had psychiatric distress and 48.2% had criminal activity history. DIC addicts group had a better mental well-being compared to the other group, but criminal history rate was similar in two groups. In multiple logistic regression, addiction to heroin (odds ratio [OR] = 1.9, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.1 -4.1), mental disorders (β = 0.060, P = 0.026), and low level of education was highly related with criminal activity (OR = 0.17, 95% CI: 0.03 -0.89). Conclusions: Higher scores in mental well-being questionnaire of DIC addicts suggest the positive effects of psychological interventions. There is a possibility of the involvement of heroin in occurrence of mental disorders and criminal activity. This finding needs further investigations by larger cohort studies.

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“…This result was similar to performed studies in this field (3,7,8). Furthermore, concomitant addiction to both narcotics and alcohol did not increase the chance of criminal activity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Relationship Between Psychiatric Distress and Criminal History Among Intravenous Drug Abusers in Iran

Sahebi¹,

Abadi²,

Mousavi³

et al. 2015

Iran J Psychiatry Behav Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Cocaine use and mental health disorders have both been identified as risk factors for material sharing [9][10][11][12][13]22,[23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. Over a third of our participants reported severe psychological distress, a higher proportion compared with the 20% prevalence rate found in the Canadian population [43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Psychological Distress Increases Needle Sharing among Cocaine users: Results from the COSMO Study

Lévesque¹,

Bruneau²,

Jutras‐Aswad³

et al. 2014

J Addict Res Ther

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Objective: Cocaine use and mental health disorders have both been separately identified as risk factors for blood borne virus infection. However, the contribution of specific underlying aspects of mental health to risks is not well documented. The aim of this study was to examine the association between psychological distress and risk behaviors for HIV and Hepatitis C infection among cocaine users.Methods: Individuals who either smoked or injected cocaine were recruited in community-based and addiction treatment programs located in downtown Montreal. Participants were asked to complete an interviewer-administered questionnaire assessing psychological distress based on the Kessler scale (K10). Three-month risk behaviors outcomes included drug injection material sharing (needle, dilution water, cooker, filters, backloading, frontloading or wash), and smoking equipment sharing. Socio-demographic data, severity of cocaine dependence and other substances use information were also collected. Statistical analyses were conducted using logistic regression.Results: Severe psychological distress was reported by 202 (34.3%) out of 589 participants (86.2% male; 76.6% ≥ 30y.o.). The prevalence of sharing was: 14.8% for needles, 24.9% for other injection equipment (378 injectors) and 68.3% for smoking material (508 smokers). Multivariate analysis showed that injectors with severe psychological distress were more likely to report needle sharing (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR): 2.1, 95% CI: 1.1-3.8). No significant association was found between K10 score and sharing of other paraphernalia. Conclusion:Severe psychological distress increases the risk of needle sharing, a major risk factor for HIV and HCV infection, but not sharing of other paraphernalia. These results suggest differential psychological mechanisms according to sharing practices. They also support the importance of screening for psychological distress in order to implement adequate preventive interventions aimed at cocaine users.

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“…Several studies have shown that symptoms of anxiety or depression were associated with drug-equipment sharing behaviours among drug users (Lundgren et al, 2005;Golub et al, 2007;Reyes et al, 2007;Lemstra et al, 2011;German et al, 2012;Armstrong et al, 2013). The mechanisms underlying these relationships are not well understood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and correlates of prescription opioid residue injection

Roy

Arruda

Bertrand

et al. 2016

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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Background: There is growing evidence of intravenous administration of prescription opioids (POs) in several countries. Preparation of POs for injection may leave residues in containers and filters used by people who inject drugs and may lead to adverse health outcomes if they are injected.Methods: This exploratory study used cross-sectional data from the COSMO study, a prospective cohort of out-of-treatment cocaine users carried out in Montréal (Canada) between October 2010 and August 2015. For this analysis, only one visit per participant was selected, that is, the first time the participant reported PO injection during the study.The outcome of interest, "injection of PO residues", was defined as having injected PO residues from a filter and/or a container in the last month. Correlates of this outcome were identified using logistic regression analyses.Results: Of the 122 participants who reported PO injection during the study period, 41.8% had injected PO residues. Reporting an unstable source of income (AOR=4.26; 95% CI: 1.03-17.69), a recent overdose (AOR=5.45; 95% CI: 1.50-19.88) and a preponderant use of opiates (mostly opiate use versus other drugs excluding alcohol and cannabis) (AOR=2.46; 95% CI: 1.08-5.63) increased the risk of PO residue injection. The odds of reporting PO residue injection rose by 7% per unit increase in the score of psychological distress (AOR=1.07 per unit increase; 95% CI: 1.01-1.12). Conclusions:The findings of this study suggest that PO residue injection is associated with markers of vulnerability. Further investigation is needed in order to better understand this understudied drug injection practice.

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Mental Health Status, Drug Treatment Use, and Needle Sharing Among Injection Drug Users

Cited by 76 publications

References 36 publications

Relationship Between Psychiatric Distress and Criminal History Among Intravenous Drug Abusers in Iran

Relationship Between Psychiatric Distress and Criminal History Among Intravenous Drug Abusers in Iran

Psychological Distress Increases Needle Sharing among Cocaine users: Results from the COSMO Study

Prevalence and correlates of prescription opioid residue injection

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