Mental Health Response in Haiti in the Aftermath of the 2010 Earthquake: A Case Study for Building Long-Term Solutions

Raviola, Giuseppe; Eustache, Eddy; Oswald, Catherine; Belkin, Gary S.

doi:10.3109/10673229.2012.652877

Cited by 56 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…People with the depressive disorder have a 40% greater chance of premature death than their counterparts. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that the global depressive disorder among older adults ranged between 10 and 20%, depending on cultural situations; it affected nearly 300 million people in 2015 [5–8]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of depression and associated factors among older adults at ambo town, Oromia region, Ethiopia

Mirkena

Reta

Haile³

et al. 2018

BMC Psychiatry

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BackgroundDepression is an important public health concern due to its devastating morbidity and mortality among older adults. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of depression and associated factors among older adults (age ≥ 60 years) in Ambo Town, Ethiopia, 2016.MethodsA community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among older adults in Ambo town from May to June 2016. Geriatric depression scale item 15 (GDS 15) was used to conduct face-to-face interviews with 800 study participants. Data were entered into Epi Info version 7 and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression analysis were employed. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval was used to calculate significance.ResultsThe prevalence of depression was found to be 41.8% [CI = 38.5%, 45.5%]. The multivariable logistic regression model revealed that female sex (AOR = 1.72; 95% CI = 1.12, 2.66), trading (AOR = 2.44; 95% CI =1.32, 4.57), living with children (AOR = 3.19, 95% CI =1.14, 8.93) and retirement (AOR = 3.94, 95% CI = 2.11, 7.35) were associated with depression among older adults.ConclusionThe prevalence of depression among older adult was found to be high. Due emphasis needs to be given to screening and treating depression, especially among older females, retired individuals, adults living with children and merchants.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of depression and associated factors among older adults at ambo town, Oromia region, Ethiopia

Mirkena

Reta

Haile³

et al. 2018

BMC Psychiatry

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“…Recent reports suggest slightly higher numbers (around 20 psychiatrists) but still attest to a dearth of mental health providers in the country (WHO, 2011). A local affiliate of Partners in Health (Zanmi Lasante) has recently begun to scale-up community based mental health services in the Central Plateau and Artibonite departments (Raviola, Petersen, Ssebunnya, Bhana, & Baillie, 2012). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Task sharing in rural Haiti

McLean¹,

Kaiser²,

Hagaman

et al. 2015

Intervention

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Despite growing support for supervision after task sharing trainings in humanitarian settings, there is limited research on the experience of trainees in apprenticeship and other supervision approaches. Studying apprenticeships from trainees’ perspectives is crucial to refine supervision and enhance motivation for service implementation. The authors implemented a multi-stage, transcultural adaptation for a pilot task sharing training in Haiti entailing three phases: 1) literature review and qualitative research to adapt a mental health and psychosocial support training; 2) implementation and qualitative process evaluation of a brief, structured group training; and 3) implementation and qualitative evaluation of an apprenticeship training, including a two year follow-up of trainees. Structured group training revealed limited knowledge acquisition, low motivation, time and resource constraints on mastery, and limited incorporation of skills into practice. Adding an apprenticeship component was associated with subjective clinical competency, increased confidence regarding utilising skills, and career advancement. Qualitative findings support the added value of apprenticeship according to trainees.

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“…From beginnings in Cambodian refugee camps (Mollica et al, 1992; Mollica & Donelan, 1993) to tsunamis in Sri Lanka (e.g., Catani et al, 2009) earthquakes in Haiti (Raviola, Eustache, Oswald, & Belkin, 2012), and political upheaval across Africa (Stepakoff et al, 2006) and the Middle East (Almakhamreh & Lewando Hundt, 2012), the past decades have witnessed an exponential rise of trauma treatment as an integral part of international disaster relief. The psychological disorder of primary concern to relief efforts is posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).…”

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confidence: 99%

Posttraumatic stress in emergency settings outside North America and Europe: A review of the emic literature

Rasmussen

Keatley

Joscelyne

2014

Social Science & Medicine

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Mental health professionals from North America and Europe have become common participants in postconflict and disaster relief efforts outside of North America and Europe. Consistent with their training, these practitioners focus primarily on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as their primary diagnostic concern. Most research that has accompanied humanitarian aid efforts has likewise originated in North America and Europe, has focused on PTSD, and in turn has reinforced practitioners’ assumptions about the universality of the diagnosis. In contrast, studies that have attempted to identify how local populations conceptualize posttrauma reactions portray a wide range of psychological states. We review this emic literature in order to examine differences and commonalities across local posttraumatic cultural concepts of distress (CCDs). We focus on symptoms to describe these constructs – i.e., using the dominant neo-Kraepelinian approach used in North American and European psychiatry – as opposed to focusing on explanatory models in order to examine whether positive comparisons of PTSD to CCDs meet criteria for face validity. Hierarchical clustering (Ward’s method) of symptoms within CCDs provides a portrait of the emic literature characterized by traumatic multifinality with several common themes. Global variety within the literature suggests that few disaster-affected populations have mental health nosologies that include PTSD-like syndromes. One reason for this seems to be the almost complete absence of avoidance as pathology. Many nosologies contain depression-like disorders. Relief efforts would benefit from mental health practitioners getting specific training in culture-bound posttrauma constructs when entering settings beyond the boundaries of the culture of their training and practice.

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Mental Health Response in Haiti in the Aftermath of the 2010 Earthquake: A Case Study for Building Long-Term Solutions

Cited by 56 publications

References 35 publications

Prevalence of depression and associated factors among older adults at ambo town, Oromia region, Ethiopia

Prevalence of depression and associated factors among older adults at ambo town, Oromia region, Ethiopia

Task sharing in rural Haiti

Posttraumatic stress in emergency settings outside North America and Europe: A review of the emic literature

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