2023
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-063391
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Mental health of pregnant and postpartum women during the third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic: a European cross-sectional study

Abstract: ObjectiveTo describe the mental health of perinatal women in five European countries during the third pandemic wave and identify risk factors related to depressive and anxiety symptoms.DesignA cross-sectional, online survey-based study.SettingBelgium, Norway, Switzerland, the Netherlands and the UK, 10 June 2021–22 August 2021.ParticipantsPregnant and up to 3 months postpartum women, older than 18 years of age.Primary outcome measureThe Edinburgh Depression Scale (EDS) and the Generalised Anxiety Disorder scal… Show more

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Cited by 15 publications
(12 citation statements)
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References 25 publications
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“…In contrast to several studies conducted during later waves of the pandemic, the current study did not find higher levels of prenatal state anxiety or depression 1 year into the pandemic (Godleski et al., 2022; Tauqeer et al., 2023). Prior research demonstrating significant differences did not include a pre‐pandemic comparison group, which could have contributed to these discrepant findings.…”
Section: Discussioncontrasting
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…In contrast to several studies conducted during later waves of the pandemic, the current study did not find higher levels of prenatal state anxiety or depression 1 year into the pandemic (Godleski et al., 2022; Tauqeer et al., 2023). Prior research demonstrating significant differences did not include a pre‐pandemic comparison group, which could have contributed to these discrepant findings.…”
Section: Discussioncontrasting
confidence: 99%
“…Poor maternal wellbeing during pregnancy can predict adverse infant outcomes such as preterm birth and low birthweight, making it critical to better understand whether pregnant women remain at an increased risk for greater internalizing symptoms following the first year of the pandemic, which will likely be more predictive of future outbreaks (Bussières et al, 2015;Liu et al, 2016). Elevated internalizing symptoms during later phases of the pandemic have been reported in pregnant women living in the United States (Godleski et al, 2022) and other regions of Europe (Penengo et al, 2022;Tauqeer et al, 2023). However, very few studies have utilized a pre-pandemic comparison group to determine whether symptoms during this period occur above and beyond typical prenatal levels.…”
Section: Introduction 1| Maternal Wellbeing During the Covid-19 Pandemicmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Our study population does not equally represent all pregnant and postpartum women living in the studied countries [ 15 , 16 ]. Indeed, a higher proportion of respondents who answered the survey were from Norway (74.4% of pregnant women and 67.1% of postpartum women), women with a high educational level (73.8% and 71.1%), and healthcare workers (26.6% and 27.0%).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This study is a cross-sectional, web-based survey conducted in Belgium, Norway, Switzerland, The Netherlands, and the United Kingdom (UK) between June and August 2021, i.e., around the third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The survey was part of a multinational COVID-19 research project aimed at providing insights into pregnant and postpartum women’s mental health status, perinatal and birth experiences, vaccine acceptance, and medication use [ 14 , 15 , 16 ]. This European survey is part of the research activities from ENTIS members, which is a global collaborative network of Teratology Information Services, working together to promote safe medication use in pregnancy.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Sixth, discontinuing prenatal antidepressant treatment is associated with an increased risk of psychiatric emergency and postpartum relapse . Seventh, depression is common in pregnancy and associated with important short- and long-term risks if treated insufficiently …”
mentioning
confidence: 99%