Mental health in Vietnam: Burden of disease and availability of services

Vuong, Duong Anh; Ginneken, Ewout van; Morris, Jodi; Ha, Son Thai; Busse, Reinhard

doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2011.01.005

Cited by 115 publications

(139 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…On the contrary, Western psychiatry was imported into Vietnam from France during mid-19 th century; however, only one psychiatric hospital has existed in outskirts of Ho Chi Minh city to receive a large number of patients (Yamamoto, 2001) and traditional treatments are still used in spite of legal prohibition (Uemoto & Miura, 2012). In addition, 0.60 psychiatric beds are provided per 10,000 population in Vietnam (Vuong et al, 2011). Considering the constant shortage of psychiatrists, small number of beds and short hospital stays -not exceeding several weeks (Uemoto, 2009), it can be said that Western psychiatric treatments did not become the standard choice of Vietnamese people.…”

Section: The Need For Cross-cultural Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dependence on Cultural Contexts of the Factors Influencing Social Acceptance toward Schizophrenia: Evidence from Comparative Study between Japan and Vietnam

Higuchi¹

2015

ASS

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This paper explores the factors influencing social acceptance toward persons with schizophrenia by examining the effects of perceived dangerousness, having knowledge, and social instability and investigates these conditions in a cross-cultural comparison of Japan and Vietnam. Social distance scales and random sample survey questionnaires based on vignettes were used to reconstruct social acceptance in Japan (n = 488) and Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam (n = 185). Structural equation modeling was applied to explore the relation between social acceptance, perceived dangerousness, beliefs in Western psychiatric treatments, contact with people with schizophrenia, and cohorts having grown up during the Vietnam War.In both countries, contact reduced the perceived dangerousness of persons with schizophrenia and increased their social acceptance. Beliefs in Western psychiatric treatments informed by education-based knowledge, however, intensified perceived dangerousness in Japan, but increased social acceptance in Vietnam. The effects of education-based knowledge emerge differently according to each society's mental health system history. The Vietnamese cohort born during the Vietnam War showed greater social acceptance than others, while no effects were observed in Japanese cohorts. Social instability seems to change social values and negative social attitudes related to schizophrenia.

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Section: The Need For Cross-cultural Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dependence on Cultural Contexts of the Factors Influencing Social Acceptance toward Schizophrenia: Evidence from Comparative Study between Japan and Vietnam

Higuchi¹

2015

ASS

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“…15 For example, in Vietnam there is low awareness about HAD among PLWHA and medical staff, limited outpatient psychiatry services for PLWHA, 25 and mental health issues among PLWHA are given relatively low priority in health policy and planning. 26 Moreover, definitive HAD diagnosis requires expensive and time-consuming medical procedures, such as neurological examination and history, brain scanning, and lumbar puncture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Correlates of Probable HIV-Associated Dementia in HIV Outpatients in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

Thai

Jones

Harris

et al. 2017

J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care

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This study identified prevalence and correlates of HIV-associated dementia (HAD) among people living with HIV (PLWHA) in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Four hundred PLWHA completed a self-report questionnaire and were interviewed by a trained researcher to assess HAD using the International HIV Dementia Scale (IHDS). Clinical information concerning HIV treatment was also extracted from medical records. The results indicate the prevalence of probable HAD based on IHDS score <10.5 was 39.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 35.0%-44.5%). Probable HAD was significantly higher among female, older PLWHA and among those with low education level ( primary school), moderate level of adherence to HIV medication and HIV stage 3. Those PLWHA with depressive symptoms also had higher odds of having probable HAD (odds ratio ¼ 3.23, 95% CI: 2.05-5.11). These findings underscore the importance of early HAD screening and appropriate referral for further assessment and management of PLWHA especially those with higher risk of HAD.

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“…There are no regular national programmes to raise awareness and address stigma on mental health (Niemi, Thanh et al 2010). In addition, the mental health system focuses on hospital-based rather than community-based services, and has limited services for children and adolescents (Vuong, Van Ginneken et al 2011). The government has just approved the 'Program for community-based social assistance and rehabilitation for people with mental disorders in the period 2011-2020' (Prime minister 2011); however, the implementation of the program has been limited (Hoa 2014 Psychiatry is among the least preferred postgraduate specialties in Vietnam (Vuong, Van Ginneken et al 2011).…”

Section: Mental Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6 The proportion of actual psychiatrists is much lower than in neighbouring countries. According to data of WHO in 2006, this rate in China, Thailand and Philippines is 1.40, 0.66, and 0.42 respectively (Vuong et al 2011).…”

Section: Mental Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Understanding autism spectrum disorder in Hanoi, Vietnam

Ha¹

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is now recognised as a public health concern worldwide with the reported prevalence substantially increasing. However, the understanding of this condition in Vietnam and in other low and middle income countries is still very limited. This study aims to understand the socio-cultural construction of ASD in Hanoi, Vietnam, and the experiences of children living with ASD. This study attempts to achieve its aim through objectives of (1) exploring the meanings attached to and the representations of ASD within the social and cultural context of Vietnam, (2) describing services and social supports available as well as barriers preventing children with ASD and their parents accessing services, (3) describing the lived experience of parents of children with ASD, and (4) exploring the utility of using 'photovoice' to engage children with ASD and communicate their experiences.Informed by theoretical frameworks of social constructionism, critical medical anthropology and disability studies, I conceptualise ASD within a set of multi-level interactions between individuals, families, community and society. My fieldwork took from July 2011 to end of May 2012 in Hanoi,Vietnam. This study employed a range of methodologies of ethnography and participatory action research. These included participant observation, photovoice with nine children with ASD and six parents, and in-depth interviews with 27 parents and 17 key informants. In addition, I also conducted an online self-administered survey with 125 parents, and collected secondary data.This study describes various limitations in assessment and diagnosis of ASD in Vietnam. These include the lack of clinical guidance for assessment and monitoring the quality of assessment at clinics; a lack of developmental screening for young children; a rushed and perfunctory process for the assessment and diagnosis of children; and poor communication between health professionals in assessment teams, and between professionals and parents of children with ASD. These result in a lack of early identification, a pattern of overdiagnosis, and limited support for the children and their parents during assessment.Children with ASD and their families in Hanoi experience various forms of stigma and discrimination. Children with ASD are often treated as one homogenous group with stereotypes as inauspicious, useless, stupid, and dangerous people. They experience limited health care, education and social integration. These result from misunderstandings of this condition, and the structural exclusion of people with disability. Cultural expectations of parenthood and childhood, and iii | P a g e

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Mental health in Vietnam: Burden of disease and availability of services

Cited by 115 publications

References 17 publications

Dependence on Cultural Contexts of the Factors Influencing Social Acceptance toward Schizophrenia: Evidence from Comparative Study between Japan and Vietnam

Dependence on Cultural Contexts of the Factors Influencing Social Acceptance toward Schizophrenia: Evidence from Comparative Study between Japan and Vietnam

Prevalence and Correlates of Probable HIV-Associated Dementia in HIV Outpatients in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

Understanding autism spectrum disorder in Hanoi, Vietnam

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