Mental health in transgender individuals: a systematic review

Pinna, Federica; Paribello, Pasquale; Somaini, Giulia; Corona, Alice; Ventriglio, Antonio; Corrias, Carolina; Frau, Ilaria; Murgia, Roberto; Kacemi, S. El; Galeazzi, Gian Maria; Mirandola, Massimo; Amaddeo, Francesco; Crapanzano, Andrea; Converti, Manlio; Piras, Paola; Suprani, Federico; Manchia, Mirko; Fiorillo, Andrea; Carpiniello, Bernardo

doi:10.1080/09540261.2022.2093629

Cited by 45 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 195 publications

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“…The findings of the study confirm the issues reported by transgender people internationally (Aylagas-Crespillo et al, 2018;Pinna et al, 2022) and in other Irish studies (Collins and Sheehan, 2004;Higgins et al, 2011;Mullen and Moane, 2013;McCann, 2015;TENI, 2017; j MENTAL HEALTH AND SOCIAL INCLUSION j…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Irish transgender voices on mental health and mental health care

Vries

Downes²,

Sharek³

et al. 2023

MHSI

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Purpose People who identify as transgender face stigma, isolation and harassment while often struggling to come to terms with their gender identity. They also disproportionately experience mental health difficulties. The purpose of this paper is to present the voices of transgender people in the Republic of Ireland (RoI) in regard to the issues they are facing, improvements they would like to see made to schools, workplaces, services and society in general and whether mental health supports fulfil their needs. Design/methodology/approach Ten open questions were embedded within a quantitative online survey (LGBTIreland study) on factors impacting social inclusion, mental health and care. These open questions were re-analysed with exclusive focus on the transgender participants (n = 279) using content/thematic analysis. Findings The participants in this study reported significant signs of mental distress. The following themes emerged: impact of stigma, deficiencies in mental health services, need for education on transgender identity, importance of peer support, achieving self-acceptance and societal inclusion questioned. Research limitations/implications Efforts to recruit young participants have led to a possible over-representation in this study. Practical implications The findings suggest the need for improvement in mental health support services, including further education in how to meet the needs of transgender individuals. Social implications Transgender people in Ireland experience social exclusion. The need for more inclusivity was emphasised most in secondary schools. Education on transgender identities in all contexts of society is recommended by the participants. Originality/value This study reports on the largest group of transgender participants to date in RoI. Their voices will affect perceptions on social inclusion and mental health care.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Irish transgender voices on mental health and mental health care

Vries

Downes²,

Sharek³

et al. 2023

MHSI

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“…Trans people from all parts of the world report high levels of mental health symptoms. Based on a systematic review of 165 studies, in addition to eating disorders, trans people commonly report mood and anxiety disorders, suicidal behaviors, trauma-related disorders, and alcohol and substance use [33 ▪▪ ]. A second systematic review of 33 articles confirmed similar findings in trans children and adolescents [34].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Trans people have an increased risk of being unemployed, poor, and having poor physical health [4,33 ▪▪ ,38,39]. In a Canadian population study, 22% of trans vs. 8% of cisgender participants reported having experienced food insecurity during the past year [40].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eating disorders in transgender and gender diverse people: characteristics, assessment, and management

Keski-Rahkonen

2023

Current Opinion in Psychiatry

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Purpose of review This review summarizes recent research on eating disorders among gender minorities, transgender and gender diverse people. The focus is on research published in 2022 and the first half of 2023. Recent findings Up to 1.2% of young people and 0.3–0.5% of adults identify as transgender, and 2.7–8.4% of young people and 0.3–4.5% of adults report some degree of gender diversity. About 20–50% of transgender and gender diverse people report engaging in disordered eating and >30% screen positive for eating disorder symptoms, and 2–12% have received an eating disorder diagnosis from a health professional. Many transgender and gender diverse people describe eating disorder symptoms as a way of coping with gender dysphoria. They also report high levels of mental and behavioral symptoms, particularly mood and anxiety disorders, suicidal thoughts and behaviors, trauma-related symptoms and disorders, alcohol and substance use, and autism. Gender minorities frequently experience discrimination, victimization, and violence, primarily sexual and physical violence. The minority stress model attributes mental health symptoms to these factors. Promising interventions based on the minority stress model have recently become available, but more research is needed on how to support transgender and gender diverse people with eating disorders. To manage eating disorders in this population, gender-affirming care should be combined with specialist eating disorder treatment. Summary Gender minorities are at high risk for eating disorders. Future studies should assess what is the most appropriate treatment for transgender and gender diverse people with eating disorders.

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“…Depression represents one of the ten the most frequent illnesses affecting the patients of General Practitioners (GPs) see in their office [43] [44] [45]. Even if the long relationship of caring for patients by GPs favors a narrative medicine approach to their patients [46], depression remains underdiagnosed [47] probably due to the heterogeneity of the population which is under their responsibility: young, adult and old outpatients [48] with different family and social conditions (single, divorced, widowed, retired/lonely, immigrant, insufficiently employed, quarreling/trouble with family) [49], work problems, sexual orientation and gender identity [50], as well as with several unmet needs and comorbidities, especially in elderly patients [48] [51] [52].…”

Section: Standing On the Frontline: The Unmet Needs Of Depression In ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Treating Depression in Clinical Practice: New Insights on the Multidisciplinary Use of Tradozone

Albert¹,

Tomasetti²,

Marra³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Depression is estimated to be a leading contributor to the global mental health-related burden. The determinants of this huge prevalence lie in the fact that depressive symptoms may be comorbid in a wide variety of disorders, thus complicating and exacerbating their clinical pictures. This makes the treatment of depressive symptoms even more difficult since many pharmacological and pharmacokinetic interactions should be considered by physicians approaching the therapy. Hence, depression still represents a challenge for both psychiatrists and the other clinicians, in terms of its high rates of relapse and resistance despite well-established protocols. It is also complicated by the well-known latency in its complete response to current antidepressant treatments. In this context, the search for new strategies in antidepressant treatment is mandatory; even including revising the use of “old” pharmacotherapies by considering their specific features may help to perfecting the treatment of depression, both in its standalone psychiatric manifestation and in the framework of other clinical conditions. The results of a consensus of experts regarding the possible use of trazodone as a valuable strategy for addressing the “real world” unmet needs of depression treatment is herein reported. This is based on the unique characteristics of this drug possibly delivering a rapid antidepressant action as compared to other selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) as well as on its pharmacodynamic malleability and pharmacokinetic tolerability when used in the milieu of other drugs in treating comorbid depressive symptoms.

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Mental health in transgender individuals: a systematic review

Cited by 45 publications

References 195 publications

Irish transgender voices on mental health and mental health care

Irish transgender voices on mental health and mental health care

Eating disorders in transgender and gender diverse people: characteristics, assessment, and management

Treating Depression in Clinical Practice: New Insights on the Multidisciplinary Use of Tradozone

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