Mental Health and Related Factors in People Depreved of Liberty: Integrative Review

Abstract

The mental health must be understood whit the capacity that each person has to live, produce and enjoy material goods and services, dealing with the stressors of daily life and keeping a level of well-being. People deprived of liberty are characterized with a vulnerable population since before their confinement in the prision environment, then your access to material goods and services is restricted. Like this, knowing the risk factors, scientifically disclosed, for the occurrence of mental disorders in people deprived of liberty translates at the objective created for this integrative review, carried out in june 2023. The indexed terms used for the advanced search were “mental health and prisoners and risk factors”. After applying the inclusion criteria: original or research articles; in full format; available in portuguese, english or spanish; free Access; published in the last 10 years, from 2013 to 2022. And, of the exclused: articles that did not present risk factors for the occurrence of mental disorders or people deprived of liberty as study participants as the object of investigation. A universe of 28 articles was obtained that answer the question: What are the risk factors for the occurrence of mental disorders in people deprived of liberty? The results indicated that of the 20 (100%) articles, 20 (71,42%) point to environmental risk factors, 20 (71,42%) behavioral, and 19 (67,85%) biological. It should be noted that the presentation and interpretation of data occurred in a non-exclusive manner, that is, na article may contain information from more than one of the categories. For environmental risk factors, previous family histories of violence stand out. Among biological ones, the existence prior to imprisonment of signs and symptoms and/or mental disorders. And for behaviorists, the use and abuse of illicit chemical substances is the main factor associated with mental disorders. Among these, anxiety, depression and bipolarity stand out, for wich nursing has different instruments that can be honed and applied. Since, it has gradually been inserted and expanded the field of professional activity in the prison system.