Mental Disorders in Hypo- and Hyperthyroidism: History of the Problem and Some Hypotheses of Potential Psychosomatic Research

Abstract

Background: the problem of diseases of the thyroid gland (TG) remains relevant. The clinical picture and prevalence of diseases, as a rule, is analysed depending on the nosological form and severity of endocrinopathy. However, the estimated cases of morbidity syndrome on the basis of modern systemic diseases, the alleged reasonable appointment of endocrinopathies with places — the outcome of the syndromic/functional situation of thyroid disease, are divided into suspected either hypo- or hyperthyroidism.Objective: analysis of publications on the birth of diseases in hypo- and hyperthyroidism with the earliest possible search depth (publications since 1835), aimed at identifying current problems and relevant characteristics.Material and method: according to the key features “hypothyroidism”, “hyperthyroidism”, “mental disorders”, “depression”, “anxiety”, “psychosis”, literary sources in the MEDLINE/PubMed Scopus, Google Scientist databases were significant and studied.Conclusion: as a result of the analysis of the literature, it was revealed that the number of studies of the prevalence of diseases among the population in thyroid diseases compared to other somatic diseases is small, and many questions about the relationship between mantal diseases and diseases of thyroid glands that are currently unresolved. The thyroid gland is limited to affective and anxiety symptoms/syndromes, and genetic belonging to certain categories (nosogenic, somatogenic, endoform) is not qualified. At the same time, a number of significant aspects of the problem are discussed: “common symptoms” of mental affiliation and thyroidopathy, duplicating/ imitating each other; psychopathological prodromes and “masks” of thyroid diseases; stress induction, such as in Graves’ disease; psychopathological disorders, such as non-psychotic and psychotic registries, with analysis of the characteristics of limb features for the use of the thyroid gland.