Mental Disorders in Elderly Suicide

Henriksson, Markus; Marttunen, Mauri; Isometsä, Erkki; Heikkinen, Martti; Aro, Hillevi; Kuoppasalmi, Kimmo; Lönnqvist, Jouko

doi:10.1017/s1041610295002031

Cited by 143 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…For the JGSS, random sampling of 5 The number of completed suicides was larger for males than for females, while the number of attempted suicides is larger for females than for males (e.g., Andrews and Lewinsohn 1992;Garrison et al 1993;Moscicki et al 1998;Moscicki 2001). Furthermore, diagnoses of depressive disorders are also more frequently found for females than for males even though females account for a much smaller proportion of completed suicides (e.g., Rich et al 1986;Rich et al 1988;Henriksson et al 1995). It should be noted that information bias may exist when suicide ideation is used as the outcome variable instead of completed suicide.…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Social Trust's effect on suicide ideation between urban and non-urban areas: The Case of Japanese Adults in 2006

Yamamura

2015

Social Science & Medicine

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Eiji Yamamura (Seinan Gakuin Un iversity) Terms of use: Documents inAbstract.An increasing number of studies have addressed the determinants of suicide.Social capital is a key factor in preventing suicide. However, little is known about the experience of suicide ideation using subjective values. From the viewpoint of suicide prevention, it is worth examining how people think of suicide. This paper attempts to examine the effect of social capital on suicide ideation. Furthermore, the paper compares the effect of social capital between urban and non-urban areas.In this paper, urban areas are equivalent to mega-cities with populations over one million. Non-urban areas are cities with populations of less than one million, towns and villages. Individual-level data from the Japanese General Social Surveys (JGSSs) are used. The survey, which was conducted in 2006, provides information about the subjective value of suicide ideation. The survey was answered by 1,413 subjects with a mean age of 54.5. Of the subjects, 49% were male. Social trust is used to measure the degree of social capital, and the outcome of interest is suicide ideation within the past 5 years. After controlling for various factors, the major findings are that both individual-level social trust and social trust accumulated in one's residential administrative district reduce the probability that one will consider suicide. After dividing the sample into urban and non-urban residents, particularized trust plays a role in deterring suicide ideation in urban areas, while generalized trust plays a role in deterring suicide ideation in non-urban areas. The effect of each type of trust depends on its scarcity in residential areas.

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Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Social Trust's effect on suicide ideation between urban and non-urban areas: The Case of Japanese Adults in 2006

Yamamura

2015

Social Science & Medicine

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“…Findings from several PAs of older adult suicides were recently published [22][23][24][25][26], including a handful that used matched comparison groups [19,[27][28][29][30][31][32][33], allowing factors associated with suicide case status to be identified and quantified. These findings map well onto the multiaxial system of psychiatry's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders [34], forming a framework for the subsequent discussion.…”

Section: Risk and Protective Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suicidal Behavior in Elders

Conwell

Thompson

2008

Psychiatric Clinics of North America

281

198

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In the United States, as in many countries of the world, older adults are at greater risk for suicide than other age groups. This article provides an overview of suicide in later life and a foundation on which to base decisions about the design and implementation of preventive interventions. Ultimately, implementation of effective suicide prevention strategies and reduction of selfinflicted deaths by older people will depend on information obtained at each of four stages of the preventive intervention research cycle, depicted in Fig. 1. First is the definition of the scope of the problem: rates of suicide in the older population and their patterns over time and space. Second is the characterization of suicide in older adults, with particular reference to risk and protective factors. These in turn suggest potential pathogenic mechanisms and indicate where one can obtain the most efficient access to older adults at risk, or who may be targets of preventive interventions. With this information, those interventions can be designed and preliminary testing conducted for their refinement before they are implemented on a larger scale. With effective surveillance tools established to evaluate the impact of the intervention, the cycle then starts afresh.This article first considers special challenges to suicide prevention in older adults, and then reviews the information available to inform each of these steps in the late-life suicide preventive intervention research cycle. CHALLENGES TO LATE-LIFE SUICIDE PREVENTIONDeveloping suicide prevention strategies in older adults is particularly challenging because of a range of factors at the individual, provider, systems, and even social/cultural levels. To the extent that suicide prevention relies on timely and effective detection and treatment of mental disorders, older adults face multiple barriers to the acquisition of care [1]. At the service system level, discriminatory barriers still exist in access to mental health care. Medicare recipients are required to pay 50% of charges for mental health services, rather than a 20% copay for physical health conditions. Older adults tend not to use mental health services, but rather seek care from primary care providers. Affective syndromes may be milder in older adults, expressed as physical symptoms [2]. Their presentations are further complicated by comorbid medical illness and the multiple medications prescribed to treat them. Older adults are reluctant to talk about emotional problems and are less likely to report depression and suicidal ideation to others [3,4]. Although doctors see many older people in a typical primary care practice, they often lack specialized training in geriatric care, the information and decision support needed to optimize quality of care, and the time necessary to diagnose affective disorders and assess suicide risk among so many competing demands [5,6] Consequently, fewer than half of older people with clinically significant mood disorders are diagnosed with depression in primary care, and of those, a m...

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“…Our emphasis, however, is on the small number of PA studies that meet (with varying degrees of success) rigorous methodological standards for evaluating risk (Kraemer et al 1997). Table 1 lists the psychiatric diagnoses of completed suicides made in PA studies of older adults (Barraclough 1971;Carney et al 1994;Clark 1991;Conwell et al 1991;Henriksson et al 1995;Beautrais 2002;Conwell et al 2001;Conwell et al 1996;Harwood et al 2001;Waern et al in press). From 71-95% of suicide victims aged 65 years and over had a major psychiatric disorder at the time of death.…”

Section: Risk Factors For Suicide In Older Adultsmentioning

confidence: 99%