A prerequisite for the social and communicative development of children of early and preschool age is the development of their communicative abilities, which allows them to participate in joint activities. Using the ecopsychological typology of subject-environmental interactions (V.I. Panov), the analysis of the ability of communicative interactions of early age children, as well as the basic models of parental behavior with children (A.A. Rean), was carried out. It is shown that the communicative interactions of early age children with adults, children, and toys depend on their importance for the child and vary from object-object and subject-object in the direction to subjectgenerating and subject-joint types of subject-environment interactions. Moreover, a necessary condition for such dynamics is the assistance of an adult in shaping the child's need for communication and joint actions. Further, it is shown that of the three models of parental behavior cited by A.A. Rean, only the first model ("authoritative parental control") contributes to the development of communicative interactions with the child, which have the character of joint actions.
Keywords-social and communicative development; children of early and preschool age; ecopsychological typology of subjectenvironment interactions; communicative interactions; children; adults; models of parental behavior
I. INTRODUCTIONThe social and communicative development of children of early and preschool age is a prerequisite for the socialization of the child in the social environment and has a significant impact on his socialization in more adult age. The primary social environment for the development of social and communicative abilities, of course, is the family environment, children's and parent-child relationships.The development of communicative abilities of children of early and preschool age in interactions with the social environment was considered by many researchers. These studies were devoted to the study of the genesis of communication and joint activities in early and preschool years [1], the formation of the child's personality in communication [2], the characteristics and ways of developing communication skills of preschool children [3] [4].
At the same time, different authors agree that:In the most general form, the preschooler's communicative abilities are understood to be his ability to consciously manage his behavior and speech in accordance with the goals of communication;Development of communicative abilities of a preschooler and his personality occurs in interaction with adults and other children. This idea, formulated by L.S. Vygotskiy [5], is also confirmed in the works of modern, including foreign, specialists, one of those publications is called: "The interaction between teachers and children is the main mechanism by which children learn and develop"[6]; the necessary condition for the development of communicative abilities of children of early and preschool age is communication in joint activities, most often in play activities.But can a...