Mental and substance use disorders in Peru: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease study

Alva-Díaz, Carlos; Huerta-Rosario, Andrely; Molina, Roberto A.; Pacheco‐Barrios, Kevin; Aguirre-Quispe, Wilfor; Navarro‐Flores, Alba; Velásquez-Rimachi, Victor; Sinche-Espinal, Hernan Alexander; Ocampo-Zegarra, Juan Carlos; Andamayo-Villalba, Luis Armando; Metcalf, Tatiana; Chahua, Marcela; Sánchez, Roberto Romero

doi:10.1007/s10389-020-01341-9

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In a study carried out in several countries around the world by the WHO, Peru had the highest lifetime prevalence of physical IPV (61%), and Japan had the lowest (13%) (72). The present study has enough power to make accurate estimations of the prevalence of depression and anxiety disorders, the two leading causes of burden of disease in Peru among mental and substance use disorders (73). Furthermore, this study will give more accurate estimates of the association of high altitude with psychiatric disorders, considering the mediational, moderating, and confounding effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nowadays, these disorders lack adequate or specific care programs for these pathologies in the CMHCs that the Peruvian government is implementing as part of its mental health reform plan (17). For instance, eating disorders and substance use disorders have doubled their years lost due to disability (YLD) from 1990 to 2015 in Peru (73).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, eating disorders and substance use disorders have doubled their years lost due to disability (YLD) from 1990 to 2015 in Peru (73).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Peruvian National Survey of Mental Health and Service Utilization in the third year of the COVID-19 pandemic: Protocol for a nationally representative multistage survey

Cruz

Pariamachi

Napanga

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: Peru is the worst affected country by the COVID-19 pandemic showing the world highest mortality rate, thus triggering an increased mental health burden. Nevertheless, there are few population-based epidemiologic surveys of mental disorders in Peru; Therefore, nationally representative research is needed to understand the underlying population-based mental health burden and identify unmet care needs. Objective: The present study aims to estimate the prevalence and patterns of psychiatric disorders, mental health service use, and unmet mental health care needs Methods: This cross-sectional study will collect information from a multistage random sample of 19,500 households. A child, an adolescent, an adult, and an older adult will be interviewed in the household. Trained staff will conduct face-to-face diagnostic interviews via the Preschool Age Psychiatric Assessment, the Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment, the WHO's Composite International Diagnostic Interview, and the Alzheimer Disease 8 Scale. In addition, descriptive and inferential analysis for complex sampling will be performed to estimate the prevalence and correlates. Ethics and dissemination: IRB will approve the research protocol before the commencement of the study. Only respondents who signed their informed consents or assents will participate in the study; The parent or guardian will sign the consent for the participation of preschool children. The research findings will be disseminated in peer-reviewed publications, scientific reports, and presentations at national, and international meetings. In addition, de-identified data and study results will be posted on the Peruvian National Institute of Mental Health (PNIMH) website to be freely available to policymakers, researchers, and the general public.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Peruvian National Survey of Mental Health and Service Utilization in the third year of the COVID-19 pandemic: Protocol for a nationally representative multistage survey

Cruz

Pariamachi

Napanga

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Standardized evaluations of the burden of neuropsychiatric diseases at regional levels are scarce. 20 , 57 , 58 In addition to the global stroke estimation, 2 estimations for Europe, Mexico, Brazil, and China have been updated. 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 In Europe, the age‐standardized DALY rate was 1340 per 100 000 habitants, 62 which was slightly higher than our estimate (1184.7) but lower than the global estimate (1768.1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Burden of Stroke and Population‐Attributable Fractions of Risk Factors in Latin America and the Caribbean

Pacheco‐Barrios

Giannoni‐Luza

Navarro‐Flores³

et al. 2022

JAHA

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Background Stroke burden characterization studies in low‐ and middle‐income countries are scarce. We estimated the burden of stroke and its risk factors in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). Methods and Results We extracted GBD (Global Burden of Disease) study 2019 data on overall stroke and 3 subtypes (ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, and subarachnoid hemorrhage) for 20 LAC countries. We estimated absolute and age‐standardized rates of disability‐adjusted life years, years of life lost, years lived with disability, and deaths. The population‐attributable fractions of 17 risk factors were estimated. All analyses were performed at regional and national levels by stroke subtype, sex, and age subgroups. In 2019, the LAC region had the fourth largest stroke burden worldwide (6.8 million disability‐adjusted life years), predominantly attributable to premature deaths (89.5% of disability‐adjusted life years). Intracerebral hemorrhage was the primary cause of the overall stroke burden (42% of disability‐adjusted life years), but ischemic stroke was the leading cause of disability (69% of total years lived with disability). Haiti and Honduras had the highest age‐standardized rates. Older adults and men had the largest burdens, although women had the highest rate of disability. Socioeconomic development level did not influence the burden. The major risk factor clusters were metabolic (high systolic blood pressure [population‐attributable fraction=53%] and high body mass index [population‐attributable fraction=37%]), which were more influential in hemorrhagic events, women, and older adults. Household air pollution was an important risk factor in low‐income countries in LAC. Conclusions The stroke burden and stroke‐related mortality in LAC are higher than the worldwide averages. However, stroke is a highly preventable disease in this region. Up to 90% of the burden could be reduced by targeting 2 modifiable factors: blood pressure and body mass index. Further research and implementation of primary and secondary prevention interventions are needed, as well as integrated national stroke care programs for acute, subacute, and rehabilitation management in LAC.

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“…In Brazil, depressive disorders are ranked as the fourth leading cause of years lived with disability, and thirteenth for causing disability-adjusted life years [ 1 ]. In Peru, depressive disorders account for 37% of the years lived with disability attributed to mental health conditions and are responsible for almost 46,000 disability-adjusted life years [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Mobile Health Intervention for Patients With Depressive Symptoms: Protocol for an Economic Evaluation Alongside Two Randomized Trials in Brazil and Peru

Santos¹,

Soárez²,

Cavero³

et al. 2021

JMIR Res Protoc

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Background Mobile health interventions provide significant strategies for improving access to health services, offering a potential solution to reduce the mental health treatment gap. Economic evaluation of this intervention is needed to help inform local mental health policy and program development. Objective This paper presents the protocol for an economic evaluation conducted alongside 2 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of a psychological intervention delivered through a technological platform (CONEMO) to treat depressive symptoms in people with diabetes, hypertension, or both. Methods The economic evaluation uses a within-trial analysis to evaluate the incremental costs and health outcomes of CONEMO plus enhanced usual care in comparison with enhanced usual care from public health care system and societal perspectives. Participants are patients of the public health care services for hypertension, diabetes, or both conditions in São Paulo, Brazil (n=880) and Lima, Peru (n=432). Clinical effectiveness will be measured by reduction in depressive symptoms and gains in health-related quality of life. We will conduct cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analyses, providing estimates of the cost per at least 50% reduction in 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire scores, and cost per quality-adjusted life year gained. The measurement of clinical effectiveness and resource use will take place over baseline, 3-month follow-up, and 6-month follow-up in the intervention and control groups. We will use a mixed costing methodology (ie, a combination of top–down and bottom–up approaches) considering 4 cost categories: intervention (CONEMO related) costs, health care costs, patient and family costs, and productivity costs. We will collect unit costs from the RCTs and national administrative databases. The multinational economic evaluations will be fully split analyses with a multicountry costing approach. We will calculate incremental cost-effectiveness ratios and present 95% CIs from nonparametric bootstrapping (1000 replicates). We will perform deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses. Finally, we will present cost-effectiveness acceptability curves to compare a range of possible cost-effectiveness thresholds. Results The economic evaluation project had its project charter in June 2018 and is expected to be completed in September 2021. The final results will be available in the second half of 2021. Conclusions We expect to assess whether CONEMO plus enhanced usual care is a cost-effective strategy to improve depressive symptoms in this population compared with enhanced usual care. This study will contribute to the evidence base for health managers and policy makers in allocating additional resources for mental health initiatives. It also will provide a basis for further research on how this emerging technology and enhanced usual care can improve mental health and well-being in low- and middle-income countries. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT12345678 (Brazil) and NCT03026426 (Peru); https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02846662 and https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03026426 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/26164

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Mental and substance use disorders in Peru: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease study

Cited by 8 publications

References 18 publications

Peruvian National Survey of Mental Health and Service Utilization in the third year of the COVID-19 pandemic: Protocol for a nationally representative multistage survey

Peruvian National Survey of Mental Health and Service Utilization in the third year of the COVID-19 pandemic: Protocol for a nationally representative multistage survey

Burden of Stroke and Population‐Attributable Fractions of Risk Factors in Latin America and the Caribbean

A Mobile Health Intervention for Patients With Depressive Symptoms: Protocol for an Economic Evaluation Alongside Two Randomized Trials in Brazil and Peru

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