Menstruation und Cholinstoffwechsel

Sieburg, Ernst; Patzschke, W.

doi:10.1007/bf02630598

Cited by 27 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 16 publications

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“…Immediately preceding, and during the first 2-3 days of menstruation, the choline content of blood, sweat, tears and milk is at its highest level. The sweat during menstruation contains about 80-100 times as much choline as that during the intermenstruum according to Sieburg & Patzschke [1923], who studied the effects of sweat on the movements of the small intestines of rabbits and of frog's hearts after transforming the choline into acetylcholine. Klaus [1925,1927] [Dalechamps, 1587].…”

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Effects of trimethylamine on growth and sexual development in the rat

Wastl¹

1942

The Journal of Physiology

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THE tertiary alkylamine, trimethylamine (NC3H9), and the quarternary alkylamine, trimethylamineoxide (NC3H,=0), are derived mainly from the alkanolamines, choline (betaine), whose sources are the lecithines, proteins (oxyaminoacids), of the body and also of the food. The enzyme cholinesterase also rapidly and constantly hydrolyses acetylcholine, ubiquitous in every nervous and muscular activity, to the almost inert derivative choline. Choline (betaine) readily splits trimethylamine and its oxide off under hydrolytic and oxidative agencies-under the influence of many bacteria, and also within the living cells of higher plants and animals. The major part of these metabolites is deaminized and resynthesized in the liver of mammals (via NH3 to urea); a very much smaller fraction is excreted in the urine as the oxide, and only a minute quantity as free trimethylamine [Guggenheim, 1940]. Trimethylamine is known to accumulate in the sex organs of many plants and animals [Czapek, 1925]. Havas [1938] reported recently that Rhodeus amarus, Rana esculenta and Triton cristatus, when placed in an aquarium containing 1: 104 to 1: 106 trimethylamine, 34 months after the cessation of the mating season, soon begin to show their 'nuptial colours' and exhibit quite unseasonable mating behaviour. Zweifel [1877, 1881] pointed out the existence of trimethylamine in vaginitis emphysematosa or colpohyperplasia, and further suggested that its presence in the vesicles of the vagina might be responsible for this pathological condition. He also expressed the suspicion that trimethylamine was always present, in varying amounts, in the vagina of the healthy woman. Michin [1903] also called attention to the presence of trimethylamine in the vaginal secretions of women of child-bearing age and its complete absence after the climacteric.

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Effects of trimethylamine on growth and sexual development in the rat

Wastl¹

1942

The Journal of Physiology

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Allergy Due to Menotoxin of Pregnancy

Perlstein¹

1936

Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med

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One hesitates to report a case of allergy due to human emanation, not only because the condition is so rare and to date experimentally unattainable, but because of the fact, recently reemphasized by Vaughan and Fowlkes,1 that allergy due to cohabitation is usually traceable to a substance about the offending person other than human emanation. Encouraged by Cooper's 2 recent report of allergy to human semen, however, we wish to report here the occurrence of bronchial asthma in a child due to the menotoxin of the mother during her pregnancy and puerperium.Although the existence of menstrual toxin has been suspected and mentioned since Biblical times, the superstition was first put to scientific test by Dr. B\l=e'\laSchick,3 who in 1920 showed that freshly cut flowers held in the hand of a menstruating woman for from ten to thirty minutes on the first to the third day of her period would wither within a few hours.Macht and Lubin,4 two years later, in a more exhaustive study of menotoxin, showed that a substance was present in the menstrual blood, as well as in the blood serum and in practically all the body secretions of menstruating women, which was toxic to plants and animals. From their studies they concluded that menotoxin is related chemically not to endocrine gland extracts but rather to bile salts and oxycholesterol. It is heat resistant, occurs in appreciable concentration in periodic cycles and pharmacologically has a pressor (vasoconstrictor) effect.

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Cholin, Betain, Neurin, Muscarin, Stachydrin

Sickel¹

1930

Biochemisches Handlexikon

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Menstruation und Cholinstoffwechsel

Cited by 27 publications

References 16 publications

Effects of trimethylamine on growth and sexual development in the rat

Effects of trimethylamine on growth and sexual development in the rat

Allergy Due to Menotoxin of Pregnancy

Cholin, Betain, Neurin, Muscarin, Stachydrin

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