“Menstrual Irregularities in PCOS. Does it Matter when it Starts?”

Livadas, Sarantis; Christou, María; Economou, Frangiscos; Karachalios, Athanasios; Xyrafis, Xenofon; Boutzios, Georgios; Zerva, Aikaterini; Tantalaki, Evangelia; Palimeri, Sotiria; Diamanti-Kandarakis, Evanthia

doi:10.1055/s-0030-1269882

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…On the other hand, patients with oligomenorrhea might have less perturbed ovulation partly because they have less severe IR. Interestingly, a recent study showed that the hormonal/ metabolic profile is comparable in women with PCOS despite the time of menstrual irregularities occurrence (20). This observation and our findings in this study suggest that the type of menstrual irregularity might be more important than the duration of PCOS in determining the metabolic profile of these women.…”

Section: Tablesupporting

confidence: 75%

“…These results suggest that polymenorrhea is associated with milder impairment in glucose metabolism than amenorrhea and oligomenorrhea. Indeed, in the general population, women with oligomenorrhea appear to have increased risk for T2DM whereas those with polymenorrhea have an incidence of T2DM similar to women with regular menses (20). However, when clinical signs of hyperandrogenemia (hirsutism and/or acne) were present in women with polymenorrhea, the risk of T2DM increased (21).…”

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between menstrual cycle irregularities and endocrine and metabolic characteristics of the polycystic ovary syndrome

Panidis

Τζιόμαλος

Chatzis

et al. 2013

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Objective: Insulin resistance (IR) is frequent in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and contributes to the increased risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease of this population. Several markers of IR are used but most are expensive or have limited sensitivity and specificity. Preliminary data suggest that the menstrual cycle pattern correlates with IR in PCOS but existing studies are small. We aimed to assess the relationship between the type of menstrual cycle irregularities and IR in PCOS. Design: Prospective study. Methods: We studied 1285 women with PCOS, divided according to the menstrual cycle pattern. Results: Patients with isolated secondary amenorrhea and those with secondary amenorrhea alternating with regular menstrual cycles were more insulin resistant than patients with regular cycles (Group D). Patients with isolated oligomenorrhea were also more insulin resistant than Group D. However, patients with oligomenorrhea alternating with regular cycles, secondary amenorrhea, or polymenorrhea had comparable levels of markers of IR with Group D. Moreover, patients with oligomenorrhea alternating with regular cycles were less insulin resistant than patients with secondary amenorrhea alternating with regular cycles. Finally, patients with isolated polymenorrhea and those with polymenorrhea alternating with regular cycles had comparable levels of markers of IR with Group D. Conclusions: Amenorrhea is associated with more pronounced IR in PCOS, and oligomenorrhea portends a less excessive risk for IR than amenorrhea whereas polymenorrhea appears to be even more benign metabolically. Therefore, the type of menstrual cycle abnormality appears to represent a useful tool for identifying a more adverse metabolic profile in PCOS.

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Section: Tablesupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 99%

Association between menstrual cycle irregularities and endocrine and metabolic characteristics of the polycystic ovary syndrome

Panidis

Τζιόμαλος

Chatzis

et al. 2013

European Journal of Endocrinology

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“…It is well known that PCOS is linked with menstrual abnormalities. [39][40][41] In the present research, 50% of girls in the experimental group responded that they have irregular periods "usually" and 48% responded that they "sometimes" miss their periods in their regular cycle. Half of the participants (50%) responded that they "sometimes"…”

Section: Pretest Level Of Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 84%

Impact of yoga and exercises on polycystic ovarian syndrome risk among adolescent schoolgirls in South India

Selvaraj

Vanitha

Dhanaraj³

et al. 2020

Health Science Reports

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Background To identify the adolescent school girls with risk for polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), assess their risk status, and evaluate the impact of lifestyle modifications on PCOS risk reduction. Methods An experimental research was conducted among adolescent girls belonging to two Government run schools in Tiruvallur district of Tamil Nadu state, India, from 6 June to 9 December 2016. A standard risk assessment questionnaire was adopted for risk assessment after making few modifications (Cronbach alpha 0.86). The experimental group received lifestyle modifications (yoga for two months and walking exercise for two months), with no such intervention provided for the control group. The impact of these interventions was assessed in terms of risk minimization and a P value less than .05 was considered statistically significant. Results A total of 204 (control—102; experimental—102) girls with statistically insignificant difference in demographic features were studied. During the pretest, 85.2% (n = 87) in the experimental group and 83.3% (n = 85) the controls had “moderate risk” for PCOS. Girls with “high risk” level of PCOS were 14.8% (n = 15) and 15.7% (n = 17) in the experimental group and the control group, respectively. In posttest‐1 (after yoga sessions) risk assessment, 71.6% had “moderate risk,” 5.9% had “high risk” in the experimental group, whereas 87.3% had “moderate risk” and 12.7% had “high risk” in the control group. In posttest‐2 (after exercise sessions) risk assessment, 48% had “moderate risk” and 0% had high risk in the experimental group, whereas 88.2% were “moderate risk” and 11.8% were “high risk” in the control group. Repeated measure ANOVA with Greenhouse‐Geisser correction showed mean risk reduction score statistically significant between pretest and post‐test (33.38 ± 7.28 vs 22.75 ± 12.09, respectively mean difference is 10.63: F = 236.12 P < .001), suggesting a positive correlation with the intervention. Conclusions Yoga and exercise were beneficial in minimizing PCOS risk, as reflected in the risk assessment score. More such interventions, covering different schools, could provide larger health benefits.

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“…Ainda, como ilustrado na Figura 3, verifica-se maior prevalência de hospitalizações nas mulheres com SOP por todos os distúrbios circulatórios, incluindo distúrbio hipertensivo (3,8 vs. 0,7%), cardiopatia isquêmica e outras formas de cardiopatia (0,8 vs. 0,2% e 1,7 vs. 1,0%, respectivamente), doenças cerebrovasculares (0,6 vs. 0,2%) e doença arterial ou venosa (11,4 vs. 6,2% no geral; 0,5 vs. 0,2% e 10,4 vs. 5,6% para doença arterial e venosa, respectivamente) 20 . Além de uma maior prevalência de fatores de risco para distúrbios cardiovasculares dentre as mulheres com SOP, outros fatores -como o atraso de condução interatrial (19 ± 7,4 vs. 15 ± 6,4 ms, P = 0,035) e intra-atrial (8,5 [1-19] vs. 5 ms [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20], P = 0,026), volumes e frações de esvaziamento passivo do átrio esquerdo diminuídos (12,54 ± 4,39 vs. 15,28 ± 3,85 mL/m 2 , P = 0,004 e 54,4 vs. 59,1% , P = 0,008, respectivamente) 36 e uma dilatação fluxo-mediada da artéria braquial (FMD) média combinada 3,4% menor (IC 95%, 1,9-4,9) do que as mulheres sem SOP 37 -parecem estar relacionados às maiores incidências de distúrbios cardiovasculares entre as mulheres com a síndrome. Não obstante essa maior incidência de desfechos definitivos e de desfechos intermediários, não existem evidências de maior mortalidade em pacientes com SOP por causas cardiovasculares [38][39][40] , tampouco de maior mortalidade por todas as causas 39 .…”

Section: Distúrbios Cardiovascularesunclassified

“…Além disso, pode ocorrer Acantosis nigricans em pacientes que apresentam hiperinsulinemia, e as áreas mais frequentemente afetadas são a região axilar e o pescoço 2 . Ainda que, no geral, a idade de início da irregularidade menstrual não pareça ter impacto, mais tarde, no perfil hormonal/metabólico ou na morfologia ovariana à ultrassonografia em pacientes diagnosticadas com SOP 5 , as alterações que ocorrem precocemente nas mulheres com SOP resultam em problemas de saúde a médio e longo prazo, objetivo desta revisão.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Síndrome dos ovários policísticos, complicações metabólicas, cardiovasculares, psíquicas e neoplásicas de longo prazo: uma revisão sistematizada

Piccini¹,

Michelon²,

Medeiros³

et al. 2021

CBR

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“Menstrual Irregularities in PCOS. Does it Matter when it Starts?”

Abstract: These data indicate that the timing of menstrual irregularities, do not appear to have an impact, on hormonal/metabolic profile and ovarian ultrasound morphology in patients diagnosed with PCOS, later in life.

Cited by 9 publications

References 16 publications

Association between menstrual cycle irregularities and endocrine and metabolic characteristics of the polycystic ovary syndrome

Association between menstrual cycle irregularities and endocrine and metabolic characteristics of the polycystic ovary syndrome

Impact of yoga and exercises on polycystic ovarian syndrome risk among adolescent schoolgirls in South India

Síndrome dos ovários policísticos, complicações metabólicas, cardiovasculares, psíquicas e neoplásicas de longo prazo: uma revisão sistematizada

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