Menstrual Cycle and the Prevalence of Premenstrual Syndrome/Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder in Adolescent Athletes

Czajkowska, Mariola; Drosdzol–Cop, Agnieszka; Gałązka, Iwona; Naworska, Beata; Skrzypulec-Plinta, Violetta

doi:10.1016/j.jpag.2015.02.113

Cited by 51 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The most frequent symptoms in Turkish medical students were bloating, irritability and breast tenderness (Goker et al, 2015). The frequencies of physical symptoms in the present study were rather low compared to those in a previous study (Czajkowska et al, 2015). The differences in physical symptoms may be due to differences in race and lifestyle.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 76%

Premenstrual symptoms in young students and in their mothers at their ages

Fukuoka¹,

Hamada²,

Fujikawa³

et al. 2017

Int. J. Nurs. Midwifery

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Premenstrual symptoms are gradually becoming recognized socially and measures taken to cope with premenstrual symptoms are changing. The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in degree of recognition, in physical and emotional symptoms and in means for coping with premenstrual symptoms between nursing students and their mothers at the ages of the nursing students. This study was conducted between July and November, 2016. 272 nursing students and 272 mothers of the students were recruited. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Tokushima University Hospital. A self-administered questionnaire that took about 15 min to complete was designed. The proportion of students who recognized premenstrual symptoms was 98% and the proportion of mothers who recognized premenstrual symptoms at the same age as the students was 76%. The proportions of students who had moderate to severe physical and emotional symptoms were higher than those of the mothers. The items with the highest percentages of students and mothers who answered moderate to severe physical and emotional symptoms were desire for sweets and irritability, respectively. The proportion of students who took measures to cope with premenstrual symptoms was higher than that of the mothers. Physical symptoms in the students were significantly correlated with those in their mothers. The degrees of physical and emotional symptoms in the students were greater than those in the mothers at the same age as the students and measures taken for coping with these symptoms were diversified. The increasing availability of information on premenstrual symptoms and changes in lifestyle may contribute to the increase in prevalence of premenstrual symptoms.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 76%

Premenstrual symptoms in young students and in their mothers at their ages

Fukuoka¹,

Hamada²,

Fujikawa³

et al. 2017

Int. J. Nurs. Midwifery

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show abstract

“…Higher ghrelin and lower leptin secretion (related to lower FM) is associated with lower luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion in amenorrheic athletes compared to eumenorrheic athletes (32). Some studies have suggested that young female athletes have a higher prevalence of menstrual disorders (33,34) and that premenstrual syndrome (PMS) increases in prevalence with duration and intensification of competitive exercises in girls and young women (35). However, other studies have shown that physical activity can improve dysmenorrhea and decrease the need for analgesics for improving dysmenorrhea in women 18-28 years old (36).…”

Section: Menstrual Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Participation in sports in relation to adolescent growth and development

2017

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“…Czaikowska M et al, in 2015 also found that stress of competitive sports and intensity of training are conducive to PMS. 20 The study finds highly significant correlation between PSS score and PSST score (p value= 0.006, r= 0.235) explaining as the perceived stress increases, severity of premenstrual symptoms also rises. Lustyk et al, found significantly more perceived stress in the high symptom group compared to the low symptom group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

A study of impact of stress: examinations on menstrual cycle among medical students

2019

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Background: Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS), a common problem among adolescent girls, is associated with various physical, mental and behavioral symptoms that lead to social and occupational impairment. Stress has also been hypothesized to be an important etiologic factor. Examination stress may also be responsible for affecting the premenstrual symptoms. The objectives of this study was to study the impact of exam stress on the menstrual cycle and the relationship of perceived stress with the severity of premenstrual symptoms. Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study conducted among female medical students of final MBBS, who were candidate of upcoming exams. They were assessed on semi structured socio-demographic and menstrual history proforma, ACOG guidelines, DSM-5 criteria, Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Premenstrual Symptom Screening Tool (PSST).Results: As per ACOG guidelines, 66% participants had PMS and 6% participants had PMDD according to DSM-5 criteria. On PSST total 88% participants had premenstrual symptoms and out of them 58% had mild/no PMS while 30% had moderate to severe PMS. 5% participants also fulfilled criteria for PMDD on PSST. Stress was found to be mild in 26% and moderate in 74% participants on PSS. PMS was found in 93.75% participants who had painful menstruation (dysmenorrhea) and this association was statistically significant. Data wise 73.1% participants having mild stress had PMS, while 93.2% participants having moderate stress, had PMS and this association was found to be statistically significant. Surprisingly not a single participant consulted to any health care provider for their menstruation related problems.Conclusions: Premenstrual Syndrome is common in adolescent girls and exam stress is an important etiological factor. PMS/PMDD was found significantly higher in participants who had dysmenorrhea and moderate stress. A positive and highly significant correlation was also found between the severity of stress and severity of premenstrual symptoms.

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Menstrual Cycle and the Prevalence of Premenstrual Syndrome/Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder in Adolescent Athletes

Cited by 51 publications

References 22 publications

Premenstrual symptoms in young students and in their mothers at their ages

Premenstrual symptoms in young students and in their mothers at their ages

Participation in sports in relation to adolescent growth and development

A study of impact of stress: examinations on menstrual cycle among medical students

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