Meniscal Extrusion in Young Athletes: Associated Knee Joint Abnormalities

Rennie, Winston J.; Finlay, D.

doi:10.2214/ajr.04.1181

Cited by 66 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…We demonstrated that meniscal tears are not the only factors associated with meniscal extrusion; other factors, such as tibiofemoral cartilage damage and knee malalignment, are independently associated with meniscal extrusion. The relationship between meniscal tears and meniscal extrusion has been explored previously (22)(23)(24)(25)(26)30). The intricately woven pattern of collagen fibrils is responsible for the strength of the meniscus, which maintains its shape and structure when axially loaded (43).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other factors may also be related to meniscal extrusion, even when no other meniscal pathologic findings are detected (25,26,33). Factors such as knee malalignment, tibiofemoral cartilage loss, and body mass index (BMI) might increase the load transmitted to the tibiofemoral compartments, and thus to the menisci, which may lead to meniscal extrusion.…”

Section: Study Design and Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tearing of the meniscus is a known factor related to meniscal extrusion (22)(23)(24)(25)(26). Although root tears are Implication for Patient Care n Several factors are associated with meniscal extrusion; targeting such factors during management might help prevent meniscal extrusion and further deterioration of the tibiofemoral joint in subjects who have or are at risk for knee osteoarthritis (OA); further exploration of the longitudinal effect of management of these factors on meniscal extrusion and on progression of knee OA is needed.…”

Section: Study Design and Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors Associated with Meniscal Extrusion in Knees with or at Risk for Osteoarthritis: The Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study

Crema

Roemer²,

Felson³

et al. 2012

Radiology

181

172

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Purpose:To assess the associations of meniscal tears, knee malalignment, cartilage damage, knee effusion, and body mass index with meniscal extrusion. Materials and Methods:The Multicenter Osteoarthritis study is an observational study of individuals who have or are at risk for knee osteoarthritis (OA). The HIPAA-compliant protocol was approved by the institutional review boards of all participating centers, and written informed consent was obtained from all patients. All subjects with available baseline knee radiographs and magnetic resonance (MR) images were included. MR imaging assessment of meniscal morphologic characteristics, meniscal position, and cartilage morphologic characteristics with use of the Whole-Organ Magnetic Resonance Imaging Score system was performed by two musculoskeletal radiologists. Cross-sectional associations of severity of meniscal tears, knee malalignment, tibiofemoral cartilage damage, knee effusion, and body mass index with meniscal extrusion were assessed by using logistic regression, with multiadjustments when testing each predictor. Results:A total of 1527 subjects (2131 knees; 2116 medial and 2106 lateral menisci) were included. Medially, meniscal tears, varus malalignment, and cartilage damage were associated with meniscal extrusion, with odds ratios (ORs) of 6.3 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.0, 8.0), 1.3 (95% CI: 1.1, 1.7), and 1.8 (95% CI: 1.4, 2.2), respectively. Laterally, meniscal tears, valgus malalignment, and cartilage damage were associated with meniscal extrusion, with ORs of 10.3 (95% CI: 7.1, 14.9), 2.2 (95% CI: 1.5, 3.2), and 2.0 (95% CI: 1.3, 2.9), respectively. Conclusion:Meniscal tears are not the only factors associated with meniscal extrusion; other factors include knee malalignment and cartilage damage. Meniscal extrusion is probably an effect of the complex interactions among joint tissues and mechanical stresses involved in the OA process.q RSNA, 2012

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Design and Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Design and Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Factors Associated with Meniscal Extrusion in Knees with or at Risk for Osteoarthritis: The Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study

Crema

Roemer²,

Felson³

et al. 2012

Radiology

181

172

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Conversely, knee OA may lead to degenerative meniscal damage that may accelerate the disease process [8]. Meniscal tears are known to be associated with structural progression (increased cartilage loss) of knee OA [9][10][11] and with meniscal extrusion [12][13][14], defined as a difference ≥3 mm between the external meniscal margin and that of the tibial plateau. Meniscal extrusion also is also common in knees without OA [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship of 3D meniscal morphology and position with knee pain in subjects with knee osteoarthritis: a pilot study

et al. 2011

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“…This condition has been shown to frequently co-occur with meniscal (specifically root) tears [Costa et al, 2004;Lerer et al, 2004;Rennie and Finlay, 2006;Magee, 2008]. In epidemiological studies, meniscus extrusion (usually graded visually) and tears were found to be significantly associated with the incidence and progression [Hunter et al, 2006] of knee osteoarthritis (OA; i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometric Differences between the Medial and Lateral Meniscus in Healthy Men – A Three-Dimensional Analysis Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Bloecker¹,

Wirth²,

Hudelmaier³

et al. 2011

Cells Tissues Organs

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The objective of this work was to characterize tibial plateau coverage and morphometric differences of the medial (MM) and lateral meniscus (LM) in a male reference cohort using three-dimensional imaging. Coronal multiplanar reconstructions of a sagittal double-echo steady state with water excitation magnetic resonance sequence (slice thickness: 1.5 mm, and in-plane resolution: 0.37 × 0.70 mm) were analyzed in 47 male participants without symptoms, signs or risk factors of knee osteoarthritis of the reference cohort of the Osteoarthritis Initiative. The medial and lateral tibial (LT) plateau cartilage area and the tibial, femoral and external surfaces of the MM and LM were manually segmented throughout the entire knee. This process was assisted by parallel inspection of a coronal intermediately weighted turbo spin echo sequence. Measures of tibial coverage, meniscus size, and meniscus position were computed three-dimensionally for the total menisci, the body, and the anterior and the posterior horn. The LM was found to cover a significantly greater (p < 0.001) proportion of the LT plateau (59 ± 6.8%) than the MM of the medial plateau (50 ± 5.5%). Whereas the volume of both menisci was similar (2.444 vs. 2.438 ml; p = 0.92), the LM displayed larger tibial and femoral surface areas (p < 0.05) and a smaller maximal (7.2 ± 1.0 vs. 7.7 ± 1.1 mm; p < 0.01) and mean thickness (2.7 ± 0.3 vs. 2.8 ± 0.3 mm; p < 0.001) than the medial one. Also, the LM displayed less (physiological) extrusion than the medial one. These data may guide strategies for meniscal tissue engineering and transplantation aiming to restore normal joint conditions.

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Meniscal Extrusion in Young Athletes: Associated Knee Joint Abnormalities

Abstract: Meniscal extrusion is a common finding on MRI of athletes' knees. Meniscal extrusion in association with meniscal tear and joint effusion is postulated as a significant injury in athletes and its recognition as such in this group is important because it may prompt orthopedic intervention.

Cited by 66 publications

References 9 publications

Factors Associated with Meniscal Extrusion in Knees with or at Risk for Osteoarthritis: The Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study

Factors Associated with Meniscal Extrusion in Knees with or at Risk for Osteoarthritis: The Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study

Relationship of 3D meniscal morphology and position with knee pain in subjects with knee osteoarthritis: a pilot study

Morphometric Differences between the Medial and Lateral Meniscus in Healthy Men – A Three-Dimensional Analysis Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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