Meningococcal conjugate vaccines: efficacy and new combinations

Sáfadi, Marco Aurélio Palazzi; Barros, Analíria Pimentel

doi:10.2223/jped.1495

Cited by 23 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…In South America, major outbreaks of serogroups A, B and C have occurred in Brazil and other parts of the continent [22][23][24], and an increased incidence of W-135 has recently been reported in Brazil [25] and Argentina [26].…”

Section: Other Regionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meningococcal vaccines: a neglected topic in travel medicine?

Wilder-Smith¹

2009

Expert Review of Vaccines

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Meningococcal disease is a devastating disease. Regular epidemics, particularly in the African meningitis belt and outbreaks during the Hajj pilgrimage, have caused significant morbidity and mortality. Although meningococcal vaccination is recommended for travelers to these destinations, disease awareness among travelers is generally poor. Case-fatality rates of meningococcal disease are high (10-14%) and the disease can be fatal within 24 h, even when the best healthcare is available. This is particularly relevant to travelers, as gaining timely and accurate diagnosis and treatment is often difficult in foreign countries or remote regions. Given the unpredictable epidemiology of the disease, broad meningococcal vaccination for all ages should be considered for travelers. Conjugate meningococcal vaccines have significant advantages over polysaccharide vaccines, and should be the preferred option for travelers.

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Section: Other Regionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meningococcal vaccines: a neglected topic in travel medicine?

Wilder-Smith¹

2009

Expert Review of Vaccines

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“…In addition, MD causes great morbidity, with 12-20% of survivors suffering significant clinical sequelae (e.g. paralysis, deafness, mental impairment, amputations, and seizures) [2,[4][5][6][7][8]. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), there are no accurate estimates of the global burden of MD, a situation that is due to inadequate surveillance in many parts of the world.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Global Meningococcal Initiative: global epidemiology, the impact of vaccines on meningococcal disease and the importance of herd protection

Borrow

Alarcón

Carlos

et al. 2016

Expert Review of Vaccines

205

223

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Introduction: The 2015 Global Meningococcal Initiative (GMI) meeting discussed the global importance of meningococcal disease (MD) and its continually changing epidemiology. Areas covered: Although recent vaccination programs have been successful in reducing incidence in many countries (e.g. Neisseria meningitidis serogroup [Men]C in Brazil, MenA in the African meningitis belt), new clones have emerged, causing outbreaks (e.g. MenW in South America, MenC in Nigeria and Niger). The importance of herd protection was highlighted, emphasizing the need for high vaccination uptake among those with the highest carriage rates, as was the need for boosters to maintain individual and herd protection following decline of immune response after primary immunization. Expert commentary: The GMI Global Recommendations for Meningococcal Disease were updated to include a recommendation to enable access to whole-genome sequencing as for surveillance, guidance on strain typing to guide use of subcapsular vaccines, and recognition of the importance of advocacy and awareness campaigns. ARTICLE HISTORY

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“…Different types of vaccines are available, and the success of these interventions has been proven, [10,11] including in the control of a community outbreak, [12] which reflects the decreasing incidence of the disease. Despite this, there are reports of outbreaks and epidemics, such as occurred in the state of Rio de Janeiro in the 1990 decade.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and laboratory aspects of adults and children admitted with meningococcal meningitis to a tertiary hospital in Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil

Daher

Maia

Ciarlini

et al. 2012

Ann Trop Med Public Health

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Background: Meningococcal meningitis (MM) persists in developing countries in forms of outbreaks, epidemics or sporadic cases, resulting in considerable morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical and laboratory aspects of adults and children with MM. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study with 291 patients diagnosed with MM, hospitalized in a tertiary hospital in Fortaleza, Northeast of Brazil, between 1999 and 2009. We analyzed epidemiological, clinical and laboratory findings. Results: The mean age of patients was 13.7 ± 12.8 years, ranging from newborn to 71 years, 59% were 12 or less, mostly male (57.3%). Average time between symptom onset and hospitalization was 2.21 ± 2.62 days. There was associated meningococcemia at 22.3% of cases. The most common manifestations were fever (92.7%), vomiting (80.4%), headache (68.7%), neck stiffness (64.9%) and petechiae (31.9%). Laboratory tests showed an average Hb 11.1 ± 1.7 g/dL, WBC 17.94 ± 17.29 x 10³/mm³, platelets 20.58 ± 11.53 x 10³/mm³. Sodium (134.66 ± 14.89 mEq/l), potassium (4.2315 ± 3.8805 mEq/l), urea (35.66 ± 35.96 mg/dl), creatinine (0.77 ± 0.77 mg/dl), AST (48.81 ± 62.73 units/L), and ALT (37.93 ± 36.78 units/L) were other laboratory parameters. There was record of 25 deaths (8.5%). Conclusion: Most were children below 12 years, suggesting the vulnerability of this age group for MM. There was no statistical difference between adults and children with regard to laboratorial parameters, but the data show numbers that can represent a laboratory profile of the disease.

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Meningococcal conjugate vaccines: efficacy and new combinations

Cited by 23 publications

References 54 publications

Meningococcal vaccines: a neglected topic in travel medicine?

Meningococcal vaccines: a neglected topic in travel medicine?

The Global Meningococcal Initiative: global epidemiology, the impact of vaccines on meningococcal disease and the importance of herd protection

Clinical and laboratory aspects of adults and children admitted with meningococcal meningitis to a tertiary hospital in Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil

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