Mendelian Studies of Egyptian Cotton

Balls, W. Lawrence

doi:10.1017/s0021859600000654

Cited by 24 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Cotton was one of the first crop plants to which Mendelian principles of genetics were applied (Balls, 1906;Shoemaker, 1908). Cytogenetic analyses revealed that the cultivated species G. hirsutum and G. barbadense and several other New World allotetraploids contained 52 chromosome, whereas most other diploid species contained just 26 chromosomes.…”

Section: Cytogenetic Resources Of Cottonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromosome Substitution Lines: Concept, Development and Utilization in the Genetic Improvement of Upland Cotton

Saha¹,

Stelly²,

Raska³

et al. 2012

Plant Breeding

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Section: Cytogenetic Resources Of Cottonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromosome Substitution Lines: Concept, Development and Utilization in the Genetic Improvement of Upland Cotton

Saha¹,

Stelly²,

Raska³

et al. 2012

Plant Breeding

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“…Early 20 th century interdisciplinary-integrated cotton research in Egypt and USA: In this regard, it is noteworthy that about a century ago a major research program on improvement of the Egyptian long-staple cotton (Gossypium barbadense L.) was already established on the basis of a multidisciplinary approach (Balls, 1907(Balls, , 1915. Balls (1907) pioneered the application of the then rediscovered Mendelian genetics as well as in integrating crop physiological/agronomical research within the cotton breeding program at Giza Station, with several substations across the country to test cultivar adaptability to variations in atmospheric and edaphic factors (i.e., genotypic x environment interaction).…”

Section: An Overview Of the Role Of Physiological Research In Crop Immentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Balls (1907) pioneered the application of the then rediscovered Mendelian genetics as well as in integrating crop physiological/agronomical research within the cotton breeding program at Giza Station, with several substations across the country to test cultivar adaptability to variations in atmospheric and edaphic factors (i.e., genotypic x environment interaction). Balls (1915) discussed in great detail the growth of cotton (including studies on stomatal behavior in reaction to cultural practices and climate) as affected by the heavy clay soils, with moderate levels of salinity, in the Nile river delta.…”

Section: An Overview Of the Role Of Physiological Research In Crop Immentioning

confidence: 99%

Utility of basic research in plant/crop physiology in relation to crop improvement: a review and a personal account

El‐Sharkawy

2006

Braz. J. Plant Physiol.

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Utilidade da pesquisa básica em fisiologia vegetal e em fisiologia da produção em relação ao melhoramento das culturas: uma revisão e uma análise pessoal: A pesquisa e o desenvolvimento agrícola têm função essencial no desenvolvimento econômico das nações, provendo segurança alimentar para uma população em constante crescimento demográfico. Em países desenvolvidos, as lacunas entre a produção potencial e a produção real são sobremodo estreitas, devido a uma combinação de tecnologias avançadas, novas variedades altamente produtivas e aplicação de agroquímicos em sistemas de produção altamente mecanizados. Na maioria daqueles países, a produção agrícola supera a demanda nacional, resultando em excedentes para a exportação. Em muitos países em desenvolvimento, entretanto, a produtividade agrícola está ainda muito abaixo de seu potencial devido a limitações técnicas e sócio-econômicas. Déficit alimentar é a norma em países pobres e subdesenvolvidos, os quais requerem vultosas importações de alimentos. Para aliviar parcialmente essa situação, pesquisas de cunho agrícola devem ser reforçadas. Como ramos das ciências básicas, a fisiologia vegetal e a fisiologia da produção têm sido freqüentemente criticadas por não traduzirem seus resultados de pesquisa em melhoria da produtividade. Este artigo é focado nesse tema, apresentando uma avaliação das realizações pretéritas da pesquisa fisiológica e de seus impactos sobre o melhoramento das culturas e sobre a produção de alimentos. Discutem-se deficiências e limitações de pesquisas isoladas e de pouca relevância, juntamente com opiniões do cientista sobre como pesquisas efetivas na área da fisiologia devem ser conduzidas e integradas dentro de equipes de pesquisa multidisciplinares associadas ao melhoramento vegetal. Exemplos de pesquisas de sucesso na fisiologia da produção e suas contribuições para aumentar a produtividade agrícola são apresentados. Todos esses aspectos apontam para a necessidade de pronto financiamento da pesquisa básica por setores públicos e privados de países desenvolvidos. Palavras-chave: agricultura, ecofisiologia, ecossistemas, estresse hídrico, fotoperíodo, fotossíntese C 4 , hormônios, melhoramento, produtividade, solo, tolerância à seca Agricultural research and development plays an essential role in a nation s economic development, providing for food security for an ever-increasing population. In developed countries, the gap between potential and actual yield is largely closed because of a combination of advanced technologies, high-yielding new varieties and the application of agrochemicals in highly mechanized production systems. In most of these countries, agricultural production exceeds national demand, resulting in excess products for export. In many of the developing countries, however, agricultural productivity is still far below what it should be because of multiple technical and socio-economic constraints. Food deficits are the norm in poor and middle-income countries, requiring expensive food imports. To partially alleviate this situati...

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“…$4-6 billion/year. Cotton was among the first species to which the Mendelian principles were applied (Balls, 1906) and has a long history of improvement through breeding, with sustained long-term yield gains of 7 -lO kg of lint/ha/year (Meredith and Bridge, 1984).…”

Section: E Malvaceae: Cotton (Gossrpium Spp)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other traits such as nematode resistance (Yik and Birchfield, 1984) and unique natural products have been identified (Balls, 1906) in wild diploids. Efforts to introgress quantitative traits, such as fiber properties, have had limited success .…”

Section: Application Of Dna Markers To Cotton Improvementmentioning

confidence: 99%

USDA Plant Genome Research Program

Altenbach¹,

Anderson²,

Bigwood

et al. 1995

Advances in Agronomy

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USDA Plant Genome Research Program AbstractThe U.S. Congress appropriated funds in 1991 for the USDA Plant Genome Research Program, four years after its initial conception in 1987. The goal of the USDA Plant Genome Research Program is to improve plants (agronomic, horticultural, and forest tree species) by locating marker DNA or genes on chromosomes, determining gene structure, and transferring genes to improve plant performance with accompanying reduced environmental impact to meet marketplace needs and niches. The Plant Genome Research Program is one program with two parts: National Research Initiative and Plant Genome Database (PGD). The PGD is now a real and functioning information and data resource for agricultural and other plant science genome researchers, and it is in the public domain. Additional progress is given according to major plant groups. The PGD is a suite of several information products produced at the National Agricultural Library (NAL) in collaboration with the Agricultural Research Service and Forest Service species coordinators.

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Mendelian Studies of Egyptian Cotton

Abstract: The Khedivial Agricultural Society of Egypt recently voted a capital expenditure of £2000 towards the establishment of a Mendelian Experiment Station for the study of heredity in cotton.

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

Chromosome Substitution Lines: Concept, Development and Utilization in the Genetic Improvement of Upland Cotton

Chromosome Substitution Lines: Concept, Development and Utilization in the Genetic Improvement of Upland Cotton

Utility of basic research in plant/crop physiology in relation to crop improvement: a review and a personal account

USDA Plant Genome Research Program

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