Men in Crisis in Russia

Ashwin, Sarah; Lytkina, Tatyana

doi:10.1177/0891243203261263

Cited by 116 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The results from the analysis of subsamples by occupation and especially gender provide evidence for the labour market segmentation and heterogeneity which flows from Akerlof's model. Taken together with Ashwin and Lytkina's (2004) findings, this suggests a significant gender aspect to workers' willingness to contribute because men have reduced their entrepreneurial activity more than women. It may therefore be that foreign companies' emphasis on equal opportunities and developing positive cultures in relation to women may have had some effect, although this appears to have weakened over time.…”

Section: Conclusion and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…Lower level managers themselves became increasingly resistant to owners' and more senior managers' initiatives (Johnson, 1997). Demoralisation was particularly evident in certain strata, notably men at the bottom of the labour market (Ashwin and Lytkina, 2004). Banai and Reisel (2007) show that workers in companies with concentrated private ownership had often lost their previous jobs in state‐owned companies and, besides experiencing a devastating personal event, also lost many welfare benefits.…”

Section: Analytical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Employees' entrepreneurial contributions to firms in Russia, 1995–2004

Croucher

Rizov

2011

Human Res Mgmt Journal

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This article examines how employee self‐reported entrepreneurial contributions evolved in firms operating in Russia in 1995–2004 and whether changes can be explained by Akerlof's theory of implicit gift exchange in labour contracts. We find that these contributions were indeed influenced by wage premia and shifting work norms, declining by about a half during the period and with a particularly marked fall in contributions by manual workers. The trend was found among foreign‐owned, private Russian‐owned and state‐owned companies. Akerlof's model therefore helps explain Russian workers' changing behaviour.

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Section: Conclusion and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Analytical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Employees' entrepreneurial contributions to firms in Russia, 1995–2004

Croucher

Rizov

2011

Human Res Mgmt Journal

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“…Taken in conjunction with Ashwin and Lytkina's (2004) findings, this suggests a significant gender aspect to workers' willingness to contribute, since men appear more likely than women to have reduced their entrepreneurial activity. It may therefore be that foreign companies' emphasis on equal opportunities and developing positive cultures in relation to women may have had some effect, although this appears to have weakened over time.…”

Section: Conclusion and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…Demoralisation was particularly evident in certain strata. Men at the bottom end of the labour market were one such stratum (Ashwin and Lytkina, 2004). Banai and Reisel (2007) show that workers in companies with concentrated private ownership had often lost their previous jobs in state owned companies and, besides experiencing a devastating personal event, also lost many welfare benefits traditionally provided by those companies.…”

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Employees’ Entrepreneurial Contributions to Firms in Russia, 1995-2004

Croucher¹,

Rizov

2011

SSRN Journal

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“…Furthermore, age adjusted logistic regression analyses indicated few differences in male drinkers leaving over the short term. Frequent heavy consumers in 1996 were no more likely to die or leave RLMS without explanation by 1998 than moderate drinkers, and whilst they were more likely to leave through household break-up [1.58 (1.08-2.25)], perhaps reflecting domestic strain [51], the absolute difference appeared insufficient to explain the short-term fall in the prevalence of frequent heavy drinking in 1998.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drinking in transition: trends in alcohol consumption in Russia 1994-2004

Perlman

2010

BMC Public Health

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BackgroundHeavy alcohol consumption is widespread in Russia, but studying changes in drinking during the transition from Communism has been hampered previously by the lack of frequent data. This paper uses 1-2 yearly panel data, comparing consumption trends with the rapid concurrent changes in economic variables (notably around the "Rouble crisis", shortly preceding the 1998 survey round), and mortality.MethodsData were from 9 rounds (1994-2004) of the 38-centre Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey. Respondents aged over 18 were included (>7,000 per round). Trends were measured in alcohol frequency, quantity per occasion (by beverage type) and 2 measures of potentially hazardous consumption: (i) frequent, heavy spirit drinking (≥80 g per occasion of vodka or samogon and >weekly) (ii) consuming samogon (cheap home-distilled spirit). Trends in consumption, mean household income and national mortality rates (in the same and subsequent 2 years) were compared. Finally, in a subsample of individual male respondents present in both the 1996 and 1998 rounds (before and after the financial crash), determinants of changes in harmful consumption were studied using logistic regression.ResultsFrequent, heavy spirit drinking (>80 g each time, ≥weekly) was widespread amongst men (12-17%) throughout, especially in the middle aged and less educated; with the exception of a significant, temporary drop to 10% in 1998. From 1996-2000, samogon drinking more than doubled, from 6% to 16% of males; despite a decline, levels were significantly higher in 2004 than 1996 in both sexes. Amongst women, frequent heavy spirit drinking rose non-significantly to more than 1% during the study. Heavy frequent male drinking and mortality in the same year were correlated in lower educated males, but not in women. Individual logistic regression in a male subsample showed that between 1996 and1998, those who lost their employment were more likely to cease frequent, heavy drinking; however, men who commenced drinking samogon in 1998 were more likely to be rural residents, materially poor, very heavy drinkers or pessimistic about their finances. These changes were unexplained by losses to follow-up.ConclusionsSudden economic decline in late 1990s Russia was associated with a sharp, temporary fall in heavy drinking, and a gradual and persistent increase in home distilled spirit consumption, with the latter more common amongst disadvantaged groups. The correlation between heavy drinking and national mortality in lower educated men is interesting, but the timing of RLMS surveys late in the calendar year, and the absence of any correlation between drinking and the subsequent year's mortality, makes these data hard to interpret. Potential study limitations include difficulty in measuring multiple beverages consumed per occasion, and not specifically recording "surrogate" (non-beverage) alcohols.

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Men in Crisis in Russia

Cited by 116 publications

References 9 publications

Employees' entrepreneurial contributions to firms in Russia, 1995–2004

Employees' entrepreneurial contributions to firms in Russia, 1995–2004

Employees’ Entrepreneurial Contributions to Firms in Russia, 1995-2004

Drinking in transition: trends in alcohol consumption in Russia 1994-2004

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