MEMS-VCSEL as a tunable light source for OCT imaging of long working distance

Khan, Md. Shahzad; Keum, Changdae; Xiao, Yi; Isamoto, Keiji; Nishiyama, Nobuhiko; Toshiyoshi, Hiroshi

doi:10.1117/1.jom.1.3.034503

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 33 publications

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“…With proper tuning linearization, MEMS-VCSELS are applied for medical imaging via OCT or for long-distance measurement via FMCW LiDAR 15 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous adiabatic frequency conversion for FMCW-LiDAR

Mrokon,

Oehler,

Breunig

2023

Preprint

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Continuous tuning of the frequency of laser light is the cornerstone for a plethora of applications in basic science as well as in the industrial environment. They range from the hunt for gravitational waves, the realization of optical clocks over health and environmental monitoring to distance measurements. So far, it is difficult to combine a wide tuning range (> 100 GHz) with sub-microsecond tuning times, intrinsic tuning linearity and coherence lengths beyond 10 m. We show that electro-optically driven adiabatic frequency converters using high Q microresonators made of lithium niobate are able to transfer arbitrary voltage signals into frequency chirps on time scales far below 1 μs. The temporal variation of the frequency nicely agrees with the one of the voltage applied. The corresponding coefficient of determination is R2 > 0.999. The coherence length of the emitted light is of the order of 100 m. In order to prove these findings, we apply linear frequency sweeps for FMCW LiDAR for distances between 0.5 and 10 m without any signs of nonlinearity. Our results show that electro-optically driven adiabatic frequency converters can be used in applications that require ultrafast and flexible continuous frequency tuning with intrinsic linearity and large coherence length.

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“…With proper tuning linearization, MEMS-VCSELS are applied for medical imaging via OCT or for long-distance measurement via FMCW LiDAR 15 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous adiabatic frequency conversion for FMCW-LiDAR

Mrokon,

Oehler,

Breunig

2023

Preprint

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Mathematical model of the DBR laser for thermal tuning: taxonomy and performance effectiveness with PbSe materials

Taha

Mehde²,

Haider

et al. 2022

J Opt

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Continuous adiabatic frequency conversion for FMCW-LiDAR

Mrokon,

Oehler,

Breunig

2024

Sci Rep

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Continuous tuning of the frequency of laser light serves as the fundamental basis for a myriad of applications spanning basic scientific research to industrial settings. These applications encompass endeavors such as the detection of gravitational waves, the development of precise optical clocks, environmental monitoring for health and ecological purposes, as well as distance measurement techniques. However, achieving a broad tuning range exceeding 100 GHz along with sub-microsecond tuning times, inherent linearity in tuning, and coherence lengths beyond 10 m presents significant challenges. Here, we demonstrate that electro-optically driven adiabatic frequency converters utilizing high-Q microresonators fabricated from lithium niobate possess the capability to convert arbitrary voltage signals into frequency chirps with temporal resolutions below 1 µs. The temporal evolution of the frequency correlates accurately with the applied voltage signal. We have achieved to generate 200-ns-long frequency chirps with deviations of less than 1 % from perfect linearity without requiring supplementary measures. The coefficient of determination is $$R^2>0.999$$ R 2 > 0.999 . Moreover, the coherence length of the emitted light exceeds 20 m. To validate these findings, we employ the linear frequency sweeps for Frequency-Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) LiDAR covering distances ranging from 0.5 to 10 m. Leveraging the demonstrated nanosecond-level tuning capabilities, coupled with the potential to tune the eigenfrequency of lithium-niobate-based resonators by several hundred GHz, our results show that electro-optically driven adiabatic frequency converters can be used in applications that require ultrafast and flexible continuous frequency tuning characterized by inherent linearity and substantial coherence length.

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MEMS-VCSEL as a tunable light source for OCT imaging of long working distance

Cited by 7 publications

References 33 publications

Continuous adiabatic frequency conversion for FMCW-LiDAR

Continuous adiabatic frequency conversion for FMCW-LiDAR

Mathematical model of the DBR laser for thermal tuning: taxonomy and performance effectiveness with PbSe materials

Continuous adiabatic frequency conversion for FMCW-LiDAR

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