Memory performance, global cerebral volumes and hippocampal subfield volumes in long-term survivors of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Ørbo, Marte; Vangberg, Torgil; Tande, Pål M.; Anke, Audny; Aslaksen, Per M.

doi:10.1016/j.resuscitation.2018.02.011

Cited by 20 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Downtime was correlated with volumetric data in order to understand the potential relationship between the duration of hypoxia and cerebral GMV. Unlike other studies which have focused primarily on the hippocampus as a region that is primarily susceptible to hypoxia (Ørbo et al, 2018;Stamenova et al, 2018), our results revealed a strong, negative correlation between the putamen and downtime (partial r = −0.914, p = 0.01). The putamen has been identified as a region that is susceptible to cytotoxic edema in individuals who do not have a favorable outcome from coma after cardiac arrest (Rossetti et al, 2016;Keijzer et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Very few MRI studies have focused specifically on OHCA survivors with relatively good neurological outcome (Grubb et al, 2000;Horstmann et al, 2010;Ørbo et al, 2018, 2019Stamenova et al, 2018) even though these individuals are known to experience cognitive deficits. To date, research has understandably focused on survivorship, but with novel medical interventions leading to increased survival rates (Chan et al, 2014), a gap has appeared in our understanding of the residual impacts on the brain caused by cardiac arrest.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploratory Analyses of Cerebral Gray Matter Volumes After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in Good Outcome Survivors

et al. 2020

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Background: Survival rates of cardiac arrest have increased over recent years, however, survivors may still be left with significant morbidity and functional impairment. A primary concern in cardiac arrest survivors is the effect of prolonged hypoxia/ischemia on the brain. The objectives of the present study were threefold: (1) to explore the effect of cardiac arrest on brain gray matter volumes (GMV) in "good outcome" survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), (2) to examine the relationship between GMV, cognitive functioning and arrest factors, and (3) to explore whether OHCA patients differ from a group of patients with myocardial infarction (MI) uncomplicated by cardiac arrest and a group of healthy controls in terms of GMV. Methods: Medically stable OHCA survivors with preserved neurological function and who were eligible for magnetic resonance imaging scanning (MRI; n = 9), were compared to: (1) patients who had experienced a MI (n = 19) and (2) healthy controls (n = 12). Participants underwent brain MRI on a 3T Siemens Trio MRI scanner and GMV was measured by voxel-based morphometry. A comprehensive neuropsychological assessment was also conducted. Global GMV was compared in the three samples using analyses of variance. The relationships between cognition and GMV were examined within group using correlations. Results: The OHCA and MI groups showed a similar pattern of differences compared to the healthy control group. Both groups had decreased GMV in the anterior cingulate cortex, bilateral hippocampus, right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, right putamen, and bilateral cerebellum. There were no significant differences in global or regional GMV between the OHCA and MI groups. Cognitive functioning was correlated with global GMV in the OHCA group; no such correlation was observed in the MI group. Conclusion: Regional atrophy was observed in OHCA and MI survivors, compared to a healthy control group, suggesting a common mechanism, presumably preexisting cardiovascular disease. Although similar regional volume differences were observed between the MI and OHCA groups, the relationship between GMV and cognition was

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploratory Analyses of Cerebral Gray Matter Volumes After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in Good Outcome Survivors

et al. 2020

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“…As predicted, our results revealed roles for CA1-CA4 and GC-DG, in addition to molecular layer, in the encoding and subsequent retrieval of novel verbal word lists. Several recent studies have provided piecemeal evidence of associations between subfield volumes and verbal episodic memory, implicating subiculum in immediate verbal recall 45 , and CA1 46 , subiculum 46,47 , and presubiculum 45 in delayed verbal recall. Our current IR findings implicate each of the CA subfields and GC-DG, supporting their previously demonstrated roles in encoding of novel stimuli/environments 12,34 , and in verbal and visuo-spatial episodic memory 17,48 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissociable age and memory relationships with hippocampal subfield volumes in vivo:Data from the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA)

Carey

Nolan

Kenny

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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The heterogeneous specialisation of hippocampal subfields across memory functions has been widely shown in animal models. Yet, few in vivo studies in humans have explored correspondence between hippocampal subfield anatomy and memory performance in ageing. Here, we used a well-validated automated MR segmentation protocol to measure hippocampal subfield volumes in 436 non-demented adults aged 50+. We explored relationships between hippocampal subfield volume and verbal episodic memory, as indexed by word list recall at immediate presentation and following delay. In separate multilevel models for each task, we tested linearity and non-linearity of associations between recall performance and subfield volume. Fully-adjusted models revealed that immediate and delayed recall were both associated with cubic fits with respect to volume of subfields CA1, CA2/3, CA4, molecular layer, and granule cell layer of dentate gyrus; moreover, these effects were partly dissociable from quadratic age trends, observed for subiculum, molecular layer, hippocampal tail, and CA1. Furthermore, analyses of semantic fluency data revealed little evidence of robust associations with hippocampal subfield volumes. Our results show that specific hippocampal subfields manifest associations with memory encoding and retrieval performance in non-demented older adults; these effects are partly dissociable from age-related atrophy, and from retrieval of well-consolidated semantic categories.

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“…Being born preterm with VLBW increases the risk of perinatal brain injury followed by aberrant brain development (Nosarti et al, 2002; Volpe, 2009). Individuals with VLBW may be exposed to hypoxic-ischemic episodes as neonates (Volpe, 2012) to which the hippocampus is particularly vulnerable (Busl and Greer, 2010; Nakamura et al, 1986; Ørbo et al, 2018). In addition to hypoxia, the hippocampus is sensitive to stress hormones and undernutrition during its development in utero (Schmidt-Kastner and Freund, 1991; Sizonenko et al, 2006), which are all factors that may be present in the preterm born neonate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced hippocampal subfield volumes and memory function in school-aged children born preterm with very low birthweight (VLBW)

Aanes

Sripada

Sølsnes

et al. 2019

NeuroImage: Clinical

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Background The hippocampus, an essential structure for learning and memory, has a reduced volume in preterm born (gestational age < 37 weeks) individuals with very low birth weight (VLBW: birth weight < 1500 g), which may affect memory function. However, the hippocampus is a complex structure with distinct subfields related to specific memory functions. These subfields are differentially affected by a variety of neuropathological conditions, but it remains unclear how these subfields may be affected by medical complications following preterm birth which may cause aberrant brain development, and the consequences of this on learning and memory function in children with VLBW. Methods Children born preterm with VLBW ( n = 34) and term-born controls from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) ( n = 104) underwent structural MRI and a neuropsychological assessment of memory function at primary school age. FreeSurfer 6.0 was used to analyze the volumes of hippocampal subfields which were compared between groups, as was memory performance. Correlations between abnormal hippocampal subfields and memory performance were explored in the VLBW group. Results All absolute hippocampal subfield volumes were lower in the children with VLBW compared to MoBa term-born controls, and the volumes of the left and right dentate gyrus and the right subiculum remained significantly lower after correcting for total intracranial volume. The VLBW group had inferior working memory performance and the score on the subtest Spatial Span backwards was positively correlated to the volume of the right dentate gyrus. Conclusions Hippocampal subfield volumes seem to be differently affected by early brain development related to preterm birth. The dentate gyrus appears particularly susceptible to adverse effects of preterm birth. Reduced working memory function among children with VLBW was associated with smaller volume of right dentate gyrus. This finding demonstrates alterations in hippocampal structure-function relationships associated with early brain development related to preterm birth.

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Memory performance, global cerebral volumes and hippocampal subfield volumes in long-term survivors of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Cited by 20 publications

References 35 publications

Exploratory Analyses of Cerebral Gray Matter Volumes After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in Good Outcome Survivors

Exploratory Analyses of Cerebral Gray Matter Volumes After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in Good Outcome Survivors

Dissociable age and memory relationships with hippocampal subfield volumes in vivo:Data from the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA)

Reduced hippocampal subfield volumes and memory function in school-aged children born preterm with very low birthweight (VLBW)

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