Memory, metamemory and their dissociation in temporal lobe epilepsy

Howard, Charlotte E.; Andrés, Pilar; Broks, Paul; Noad, Rupert; Sadler, Martin; Coker, Debbie; Mazzoni, Giuliana

doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.11.011

Cited by 20 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Together with our previous studies Howard et al, 2010), these results may indicate that some type of frontal impairment; as it is the case in Korsakoff amnesic (Shimamura & Squire, 1986), Parkinson's (Souchay, Isingrini, & Gil, 2006) patients, or reduced global connectivity, as is the case in Alzheimer's patients (see Souchay, 2007, for a review); might be necessary to observe a metamemory deficit in clinical populations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Metamemory in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: A Study of Sensitivity to Repetition at Encoding

Howard

Andrés

Mazzoni

2013

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

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The purpose of the current study was to determine whether the level of metacognitive sensitivity previously observed in global Judgments-of-Learning (JOLs) in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients could also be established when making item-by-item JOLs. Fourteen TLE patients and 14 control participants were compared on a memory task where 39 semantically unrelated word pairs were presented at three different levels of repetition. Thirteen word pairs were assigned to each level. A combined JOL and Feeling-of-Knowing (FOK) task was used to examine metamemory monitoring and control processes. The results showed that control participants outperformed TLE patients on recall and recognition. However, both groups were sensitive to repetition of the word pairs throughout the list, revealing intact online monitoring and control processes at encoding. These results are consistent with the findings of Howard et al. (2010) of intact metamemory in TLE patients and extend the findings of Andrés et al. (2010) of metamemory sensitivity from the global level to the item-by-item level. Finally, the current findings provide additional evidence of a dissociation between memory and metamemory in TLE patients. (JINS, 2013, 19, 453-462)

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Metamemory in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: A Study of Sensitivity to Repetition at Encoding

Howard

Andrés

Mazzoni

2013

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

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“…Our central hypotheses concerned the anterior PFC group, and the selection of temporal lobe patients to form a lesion control group was driven by their relative predominance in the patient database. Previous studies have reported negligible effects of temporal lobe damage on metacognitive accuracy in memory tasks (Prevey et al , 1991; Pannu et al , 2005; Howard et al , 2010, 2013). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Previous studies of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy have reported negligible effects of temporal lobe damage on prospective metacognitive judgements of memory such as judgements of learning, showing that patients are able to monitor their memory successfully despite the presence of memory difficulties (Prevey et al , 1991; Pannu et al , 2005; Howard et al , 2010, 2013). In the present study we extend this line of inquiry to document the accuracy of retrospective metacognitive judgements following both perceptual and recognition memory decisions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Domain-specific impairment in metacognitive accuracy following anterior prefrontal lesions

Fleming

Ryu

Golfinos

et al. 2014

Brain

302

324

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“…These FOK judgments are often predictive of memory performance such that items given a higher FOK are more likely to be remembered than items given a lower FOK [3]. In terms of the brain regions supporting metamemory and semantic memory, the frontal lobes are thought to be critical for metamemory [4,5] and the anterior temporal lobes are thought to be critical for semantic memory [6–8]. We recently showed the accuracy of FOK judgments (i.e., how related the judgments are to memory accuracy) can be enhanced by increasing excitability of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) via high definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS), whereas there was no significant effect of increasing excitability of the anterior temporal lobe (ATL) via HD-tDCS on semantic long-term memory or metamemory [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of HD-tDCS on memory and metamemory for general knowledge questions that vary by difficulty

2017

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Background The ability to monitor one’s own memory is an important feature of normal memory and is an aspect of ‘metamemory’. Lesion studies have shown dissociations between memory and metamemory, but only single dissociations have been shown using transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). One potential reason that only single dissociations have been shown is that tDCS effects may be moderated by task difficulty. Objective/Hypothesis We used high definition (HD) tDCS to test for dissociable roles of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and anterior temporal lobe (ATL) in semantic long-term memory and metamemory tasks. We also tested whether general knowledge question difficulty moderated the effects of HD-tDCS. Methods Across 3 sessions, participants received active HD-tDCS over the left DLPFC or left ATL, or sham HD-tDCS during general knowledge recall and recognition tests, and a ‘feeling-of-knowing’ metamemory task. General knowledge questions were blocked by difficulty. Repeated measures ANOVAs were used to examine the effects of HD-tDCS on memory and metamemory tasks by memory question difficulty. Results HD-tDCS over the ATL led to improved recall compared to DLPFC and sham HD-tDCS, and this occurred only for medium difficulty questions. In contrast, for non-recalled questions, HD-tDCS over the DLPFC led to improved recognition accuracy and improved feeling-of-knowing accuracy compared to ATL and sham HD-tDCS, and this was not moderated by memory question difficulty. Conclusion(s) HD-tDCS can be used to dissociate the roles of the ATL and DLPFC in different memory and ‘metamemory’ tasks. The effects of HD-tDCS on task may be moderated by task difficulty, depending on the nature of the task and site of stimulation.

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Memory, metamemory and their dissociation in temporal lobe epilepsy

Cited by 20 publications

References 61 publications

Metamemory in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: A Study of Sensitivity to Repetition at Encoding

Metamemory in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: A Study of Sensitivity to Repetition at Encoding

Domain-specific impairment in metacognitive accuracy following anterior prefrontal lesions

Effects of HD-tDCS on memory and metamemory for general knowledge questions that vary by difficulty

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