Memory Matter(s): Assembling Memorials in Post-Genocide Rwanda

The capacitated location routing problem (CLRP) integrates a facility location problem with a multi-depot vehicle routing problem. In this paper, we consider the CLRP with stochastic demands, whose specific values are only revealed once a vehicle visits each customer. The main goal is then to minimize the expected total cost, which includes not only the costs of opening facilities, using a fleet of vehicles, and executing a routing plan, but also the cost of applying corrective actions. These actions are required whenever a route failure occurs due to unexpectedly high demands in a route. To solve this stochastic and NP-hard optimization problem, a simheuristic algorithm is proposed. It hybridizes simulation with an iterated local search metaheuristic in order to: (i) propose a safety-stock policy to diminish the risk of suffering route failures; and (ii) estimate both the expected cost as well as the reliability index of each 'elite' solution found. The competitiveness of our approach is shown in a series of computational experiments, which make use of classical CLRP benchmarks. These benchmarks are also extended to consider scenarios under uncertainty. Different variability levels for the random demands are analyzed. Moreover, the effect of the safety-stock policy on the solution cost and reliability index is also discussed.

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“…• Barreto's set, proposed by Barreto (2004), contains a total of 17 instances with 2 to 15 possible facility locations and 12 to 150 customers.…”

Section: Numerical Experiments and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simheuristic algorithm for the capacitated location routing problem with stochastic demands

Quintero-Araújo

Guimarans

Juan

2019

Journal of Simulation

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“…On the other hand, 3.3 μM Noc was reported to increase the stiffness of L929 . However, further studies have shown that depolymerization of microtubules with Noc induces the actin stress fibers formation through Rho signaling and causes cell contraction which augments cell stiffness. − For further investigation, actin filaments are inhibited with Cyto-D. ,,, The VIPS of HT-29 treated with Cyto-D alone is significantly higher than that of live cells at 90 kHz but not at 120 kHz. On the other hand, the VIPS of HT-29 treated with Cyto-D and Noc is significantly higher than that of live HT-29 at both 90 kHz and 120 kHz.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Multifrequency Optomechanical Stiffness Measurement of Single Adherent Cells on a Solid Substrate with High Throughput

Mehrnezhad

Park

2017

Anal. Chem.

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Mechanical properties of a cell reflect its biological and pathological conditions and there have been active research efforts to develop high-throughput platforms to mechanically characterize single cells. Yet, many of these research efforts are focused on suspended cells and use a flow-through configuration. In this paper, the stiffness of single adherent cells are optomechanically characterized using the vibration-induced phase shift (VIPS) without detaching them from the substrate. With the VIPS measurements, the frequency and amplitude dependency of the cell stiffness is investigated and statistically significant difference in the cell stiffness is confirmed after exposure to various drugs affecting cytoskeleton network. Furthermore, a 3-dimensional finite element model of a cell on a vibrating substrate is developed to extract the mechanical property from the measured VIPS. The developed technique can characterize the mechanical properties of single adherent cells at multiple frequencies with high throughput and will provide valuable clues in understanding cell mechanics.

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“…A composite service (Casati, Sayal, & Shan, 2001) consists of a bundle of services that, together, provide service consumers with a composite functionality. There are standard languages to define composite services (e.g., BPEL4WS) (Alves et al, 2007); however, security aspects are not supported in a standard manner. The main purpose of STS-ml is to enable the specification of security and trustworthiness requirements for composite services.…”

Section: Case Study: Development Of a Tool-supported Security Modelin...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Formative User-Centered Evaluation of Security Modeling

Trösterer

Beck

Dalpiaz

et al. 2012

International Journal of Secure Software Engineering

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Developing a security modeling language is a complex activity. Particularly, it becomes very challenging for Security Requirements Engineering (SRE) languages where social/organizational concepts are used to represent high-level business aspects, while security aspects are typically expressed in a technical jargon at a lower level of abstraction. In order to reduce this socio-technical mismatch and reach a high quality outcome, appropriate evaluation techniques need to be chosen and carried out throughout the development process of the modeling language. In this article, the authors present and discuss the formative user-centered evaluation approach, namely an evaluation technique that starts since the early design stages and actively involves end-users. The authors demonstrate the approach in a real case study presenting the results of the evaluation. From the gained empirical evidence, we may conclude that formative user-centered evaluation is highly recommended to investigate any security modeling language.

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Memory Matter(s): Assembling Memorials in Post-Genocide Rwanda

Cited by 3 publications

References 43 publications

A simheuristic algorithm for the capacitated location routing problem with stochastic demands

A simheuristic algorithm for the capacitated location routing problem with stochastic demands

Multifrequency Optomechanical Stiffness Measurement of Single Adherent Cells on a Solid Substrate with High Throughput

Formative User-Centered Evaluation of Security Modeling

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