Memory impairment on the ascending and descending limbs of the blood alcohol curve.

Jones, Ben

doi:10.1037/h0034872

Cited by 125 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…It is difficult to imagine how some drug (e.g., alcohol, diazepam, atropine) could selectively make one or the other endpoint nondistinctive (see, e.g., Castro, 1995Castro, ,1997Jones, 1973).…”

Section: Distinctiveness As An Alternative Framework For the Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One focus of the vast amount of research conducted on list memory has been on selective elimination of either the primacy or the recency effect. For example, the recency effect can be selectively eliminated by delaying the test (see, e.g., Glanzer & Cunitz, 1966), whereas the primacy effect can be selectively eliminated with alcohol (see, e.g., Jones, 1973). An implication ofsuch dissociations is that the serial position function is composed ofdifferent underlying memory processes or mechanisms.…”

Section: Rationale For Testing Monkey List Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Auditory and visual serial position functions obey different laws

Wright¹

1998

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review

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Rhesus monkeys were tested in serial probe recognition tasks with either travel slide pictures or natural sounds. Tests with four-item lists produced serial position functions that were essentially opposite in shape for the two modalities and changed in opposite ways with retention interval. For visual memory, the primacy effect grew and the recency effect dissipated with retention interval. Capuchin monkeys, humans, and pigeons showed similar results. For auditory memory with rhesus monkeys, the recency effect grew and the primacy effect dissipated with retention interval. These results taken together, along with results from rehearsal tests of monkeys and humans, implicate two passive memory processes with different time courses. Interference among items within auditory lists was manipulated by varying the time between items and categories of items. Interference across lists was manipulated by varying the item pool size and, hence, item repetitions. Changes in the auditory serial position functions indicated that proactive and retroactive interference may have been instrumental in these dynamically changing serial position functions. Implications for theories and models of memory are discussed.The focus of this article is on visual and auditory list memory experiments with rhesus monkeys that my collaborators and I have conducted over the past 20 years. It took us several years to develop visual list memory procedures in which monkeys would perform at a high level of accuracy. Even more years were spent developing adequate auditory list memory procedures. Considerable development was required before the monkeys learned even the basic rudiments of the auditory task. Experiments from both tasks revealed serial position functions that changed in an orderly fashion across a range of retention intervals. The shapes were, however, different and essentially opposite for the two modalities. These results and others may be revealing about some of the basic mechanisms of short-term recognition memory in monkeys. Some aspects may be relevant for human memory. Similar visual memory findings have been shown for humans as well as rhesus monkeys, capuchin monkeys, and pigeons. RATIONALE FOR TESTING MONKEY LIST MEMORYList memory is perhaps best characterized by the serial position function. Memory is typically found to be best for the first items of a list (primacy effect) and the last items of a list (recency effect) and poorest in the middle. This U-shape This research was partially supported by PHS Grants MH-35202, MH-54167, and DA-l07l5. The author gratefully acknowledges the careful assistance of Jackie Rivera and the help and encouragement on the manuscript from Roddy Roediger, Endel Tulving, Michael Watkins, and an unidentified reviewer. Reprints may be obtained from the author at

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Section: Distinctiveness As An Alternative Framework For the Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rationale For Testing Monkey List Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Auditory and visual serial position functions obey different laws

Wright¹

1998

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review

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“…Generally, laboratory studies-almost all of which employ alcohol doses that result in an estimated BAC of 0.08% or less-show that alcohol can have a negative effect on episodic memory (e.g., Parker et al, 1976;Ray & Bates, 2006;Hashtoudi et al, 1984;Jones, 1973;Soderlund et al, 2007). However, several studies have not found significant alcohol effects on memory (e.g., Mintzer, Allen & Griffiths, 2001;Saults, Cowan, Sher, & Moreno, 2007;Wetherill & Fromme, 2011;Colflesh & Wiley, 2013;Knowles & Duka, 2004;Moulton et al, 2005), so additional research seems warranted.…”

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confidence: 99%

Alcohol and remembering a hypothetical sexual assault: Can people who were under the influence of alcohol during the event provide accurate testimony?

Flowe

Takarangi

Humphries

et al. 2015

Memory

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We examined the influence of alcohol on remembering an interactive hypothetical sexual assault scenario in the laboratory using a balanced placebo design. Female participants completed a memory test 24 hours and 4 months later. Participants reported less information (i.e., responded 'don't know' more often to questions) if they were under the influence of alcohol during scenario encoding. The accuracy of the information intoxicated participants reported did not differ compared to sober participants, however, suggesting intoxicated participants were effectively monitoring the accuracy of their memory at test.Additionally, peripheral details were remembered less accurately than central details, regardless of intoxication level; and memory accuracy for peripheral details decreased by a larger amount compared to central details across the retention interval. Finally, participants were more accurate if they were told they were drinking alcohol rather than a placebo. We discuss theoretical implications for alcohol myopia and memory regulation, together with applied implications for interviewing intoxicated witnesses.Keywords: Alcohol myopia, sexual assault, memory monitoring and control, hypervigilance, intoxication Alcohol and remembering a hypothetical sexual assault: Can victims who were under the influence of alcohol during the offense provide accurate testimony?Serious violent offenses often involve intoxicated witnesses and victims (Evans, Schreiber Compo, & Russano, 2009;Palmer, Flowe, Takarangi, & Humphries, 2013). In sexual assault and rape cases 1 , especially, victims and perpetrators are likely to be under the ALCOHOL AND REMEMBERING SEXUAL ASSAULT 4 influence of alcohol (Brecklin & Ullman, 2002;Mohler-Kuo, Dowdall, Koss & Wechsler, 2004;Testa, 2002). Importantly, intoxicated sexual assault victims are less likely than their sober counterparts to report the offense to the police (e.g., Clay-Warner & Burt, 2005; WolitzkyTaylor et al., 2011). However, even among simple rape cases-involving acquaintances, no collateral injury, or no weapon use-that are reported and referred for prosecution, charges are less likely to be issued if the victim was drinking (Beichner & Spohn, 2012).Alcohol intoxication raises questions about the accuracy of testimony in the minds of criminal investigators (Cole & Logan, 2010). Similar concerns can also influence trial outcomes: Jurors (e.g., Evans & Schreiber Compo, 2010) and eyewitness experts (Kassin, Tubb, Hosch, & Memon, 2001) agree that intoxicated witnesses suffer memory impairment.But, can intoxicated people provide accurate information in legal settings? In the present study, we focused on alcohol and memory impairment in the sexual assault context. Our aims were twofold: we tested whether being under the influence of alcohol, or believing that one has consumed alcohol, would (1) differentially affect the quantity of information women reported about a simulated sexual assault, and (2) interact with other factors to influence the accuracy of women's memory for the sexu...

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“…In three additional studies involving alcohol (Birnbaum, Parker, Hartley, & Noble, 1978;Jones, 1973;Miller et al, 1978, Experiment 1), the experimental designs employed prohibit one from drawing any firm conclusions about the presence or absence of state-{fependent effects.…”

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confidence: 99%

The cue-dependent nature of state-dependent retrieval

1980

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An enduring problem in the study of human state-dependent retrieval concerns the apparent unpredictability of the phenomenon. Although many investigators have observed that utilization of information in episodic memory critically depends for its success on restoration, at the time of attempted retrieval, of the pharmacological state in which the information was originally acquired, many others have been unable to find evidence of such state-dependent effects. Indeed, negative results are so common that human state dependence has come to be popularly regarded as an untrustworthy phenomenon of little practical or theoretical significance. The message of this article is that the unpredictability of state-dependent effects in man is more apparent than real. Evidence is presented to the effect that, with very few exceptions, failures to demonstrate state dependence are restricted to situations in which utilization of stored information is tested in the presence of discretely identifiable retrieval cues, and successes, to situations in which retrieval occurs in the absence of any observable reminders. It is also shown that when the conditions of retrieval, with respect to the presence or absence of explicit cues, remain constant, the probability of demonstrating state dependence also remains constant across a relatively broad spectrum of experimental conditions. Speculations about the nature of the cognitive mechanisms underlying the so-called "cuing effect" in human state dependence are offered, and promising new directions for research are outlined.

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Memory impairment on the ascending and descending limbs of the blood alcohol curve.

Cited by 125 publications

References 20 publications

Auditory and visual serial position functions obey different laws

Auditory and visual serial position functions obey different laws

Alcohol and remembering a hypothetical sexual assault: Can people who were under the influence of alcohol during the event provide accurate testimony?

The cue-dependent nature of state-dependent retrieval

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