“…Adolescent onset schizophrenia (AOS) is associated with more prominent developmental and premorbid abnormalities with more severe cognitive impairments (Frangou, 2010; Holtmaat & Svoboda, 2009; Kester et al, 2006; Rapoport & Gogtay, 2011; Thaden et al, 2006), especially in working memory (Brickman et al, 2004; Karatekin, Bingham, & White, 2009; Karatekin, White, & Bingham, 2008; White, Mous, & Karatekin, 2013), executive functions (Frangou, 2010; Kester et al, 2006; Rapoport et al, 1997; Thaden et al, 2006), and attention (Oie & Hugdahl, 2008; Oie & Rund, 1999; Oie, Sundet, & Rund, 2010; Thaden et al, 2006), and with poorer long-term outcomes (Frangou, 2010; Kumra & Charles Schulz, 2008; Kumra, Shaw, Merka, Nakayama, & Augustin, 2001; Rapoport et al, 1997). Hence, AOS is proposed as a more severe form of schizophrenia (Kumra & Charles Schulz, 2008) although it is phenomenologically continuous with adult-onset schizophrenia (Frangou, 2010; Kumra et al, 2001; Rapoport et al, 1997).…”