Memory formation, consolidation and transformation

Nadel, Lynn; Hupbach, Almut; Gómez, Rebecca L.; Newman-Smith, Katharine C.

doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2012.03.001

Cited by 249 publications

(167 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Although memory formation does not follow a strict step-wise sequence (Nadel et al, 2012), the later description of how reward motivation affects memory refers to distinct processes, as proposed by Nadel et al (2012): (1) encoding, (2) consolidation, (3) recollection (which may lead to reconsolidation, update or disruption of memory), and (4) later transformation.…”

Section: Declarative Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of reward motivation on human declarative memory

Miendlarzewska

Bavelier

Schwartz

2016

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

140

129

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a b s t r a c tMotivational relevance can prioritize information for memory encoding and consolidation based on reward value. In this review, we pinpoint the possible psychological and neural mechanisms by which reward promotes learning, from guiding attention to enhancing memory consolidation. We then discuss how reward value can spill-over from one conditioned stimulus to a non-conditioned stimulus. Such generalization can occur across perceptually similar items or through more complex relations, such as associative or logical inferences. Existing evidence suggests that the neurotransmitter dopamine boosts the formation of declarative memory for rewarded information and may also control the generalization of reward values. In particular, temporally-correlated activity in the hippocampus and in regions of the dopaminergic circuit may mediate value-based decisions and facilitate cross-item integration. Given the importance of generalization in learning, our review points to the need to study not only how reward affects later memory but how learned reward values may generalize to related representations and ultimately alter memory structure.

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Section: Declarative Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of reward motivation on human declarative memory

Miendlarzewska

Bavelier

Schwartz

2016

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

140

129

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“…Müller & Pilzecker, 1900; Nadel, Hupbach, Gomez, & Newman-Smith, 2012). This consolidation period takes up to six hours (Nader, 2003) and during this period the memory trace is still labile and vulnerable to interference (Nader, 2003; Walker, Brakefield, Hobson, & Stickgold, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and testing of TraumaGameplay: an iterative experimental approach using the trauma film paradigm

Asselbergs

Sijbrandij

Hoogendoorn³

et al. 2018

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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Background: Vivid trauma-related intrusions are a hallmark symptom of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and may be involved in its onset. Effective interventions to reduce intrusions and to potentially prevent the onset of subsequent PTSD are scarce. Studies suggest that playing the videogame Tetris, shortly after watching aversive film clips, reduces subsequent intrusions. Other studies have shown that taxing working memory (WM) while retrieving an emotional memory reduces the memory’s vividness and emotionality. Objective: We developed TraumaGameplay (TGP), a gaming app designed to reduce intrusions. This paper describes two successive experiments to determine whether playing TGP without memory retrieval (regular TGP) or TGP with memory retrieval (dual-task TGP) reduces intrusion frequency at one week compared to a no-game control. Method: For both experiments, healthy university students were recruited. Experiment 1: 92 participants were exposed to a trauma film and randomized to (1) regular TGP1 (n = 31), (2) dual-task TGP1 (n = 31) or (3) control (n = 30). In experiment 2, 120 healthy students were exposed to a trauma film and randomized to (1) regular TGP2 (n = 30), (2) dual-task TGP2 (n = 29), (3) recall only (n = 31) or (4) control (n = 30). Results: We found no significant difference between conditions on the number of intrusions for either playing regular TGP or dual-task TGP in both experiment 1 and experiment 2. Conclusion: Our results could not replicate earlier promising findings from preceding experimental research. Several reasons may underpin this difference ranging from the visuospatial videogame used in our experiments to the method of the experiment to the difficulties of replicability in general.

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“…Over time, the hippocampal role is reduced as the neocortical areas form direct connections, until in some cases at least, the memory trace eventually becomes independent of the hippocampus (Frankland & Bontempi, 2005;Nadel, Hupbach, Gomez, & Newman-Smith, 2012). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schema-conformant memories are preferentially consolidated during REM sleep

Durrant

Cairney

McDermott

et al. 2015

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory

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Please cite this article as: Durrant, S.J., Cairney, S.A., McDermott, C., Lewis, P.A., Schema-Conformant Memories are Preferentially Consolidated During REM Sleep, Neurobiology of Learning and Memory (2015), doi: http:// dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nlm. 2015.02.011 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. AbstractMemory consolidation is most commonly described by the standard model, which proposes an initial binding role for the hippocampus which diminishes over time as intracortical connections are strengthened. Recent evidence suggests that slow wave sleep (SWS) plays an essential role in this process. Existing animal and human studies have suggested that memories which fit tightly into an existing knowledge framework or schema might use an alternative consolidation route in which the medial prefrontal cortex takes on the binding role. In this study we sought to investigate the role of sleep in this process using a novel melodic memory task. Participants were asked to remember 32 melodies, half of which conformed to a tonal schema present in all enculturated listeners, and half of which did not fit with this schema. After a 24-hour consolidation interval, participants were asked to remember a further 32 melodies, before being given a recognition test in which melodies from both sessions were presented alongside some previously unheard foils. Participants remembered schema-conformant melodies better than non-conformant ones. This was much more strongly the case for consolidated melodies, suggesting that consolidation over a 24-hour period preferentially consolidated schema-conformant items. Overnight sleep was monitored between the sessions, and the extent of the consolidation benefit for schema-conformant items was associated with both the amount of REM sleep obtained and EEG theta power in frontal and central regions during REM sleep. Overall our data suggest that REM sleep plays a crucial role in the rapid consolidation of schemaconformant items. This finding is consistent with previous results from animal studies and the SLIMM model of van Kesteren et al (2012), and suggest that REM sleep, rather than SWS, may be involved in an alternative pathway of consolidation for schema-conformant memories.

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Memory formation, consolidation and transformation

Cited by 249 publications

References 20 publications

Influence of reward motivation on human declarative memory

Influence of reward motivation on human declarative memory

Development and testing of TraumaGameplay: an iterative experimental approach using the trauma film paradigm

Schema-conformant memories are preferentially consolidated during REM sleep

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