Memory, executive function and language function are similarly impaired in both temporal and extra temporal refractory epilepsy—A prospective study

TDAH nas epilepsias: prevalência e fatores de risco

“…A terceira hipótese sugere que uma condição tem efeito causativo sobre a outra, por exemplo, o prejuízo das funções executivas tem sido frequentemente observado nas epilepsias focais (Bedoin et al, 2012;Filippini et al, 2016;Rai et al, 2015) e generalizadas (Gencpinar et al, 2016) e apontado como um fator de risco independente para doenças psiquiátricas na epilepsia, como o TDAH (Alfstad et al, 2016). Em consonância com a condição humana, os modelos animais de epilepsia sugerem a existência de uma associação entre os sintomas de TDAH e de epilepsia.…”

Impaired Executive Function by Interictal Epileptiform Discharges in Patients with Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy

“…Studies have shown that simple motor tasks and other tasks with low information processing demand (i.e., tasks that do not require information processing of complex sets of information) are slightly or not affected by epileptiform discharges, whereas tasks with high information processing demand are considered to be more sensitive [10,34]. In our study, executive function was assessed using the Stroop Test, the Verbal Fluency Test, the Digit Span Tests and the WCST, which have been used in several studies and have been demonstrated to be suitable to investigate executive function [15,24,35].…”

“…The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test is one of the most widely used executive tests [14]. Executive functions are important in everyday life and learning processes and are the most common cognitive domain affected in patients with temporal and extra temporal epilepsy [15].…”

Decreased vesicular acetylcholine transporter related to memory deficits in epilepsy: A [18F] VAT positron emission tomography brain imaging study

“…In a large population‐based cohort, cognitive dysfunction is strongly associated with epilepsy (odds ratio = 28.1, 95% confidence interval = 23.3‐33.8) . Of inpatients with refractory temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), 82% had impairment of at least one cognitive domain and 21% had three domains involved . The etiology of epilepsy‐associated cognitive deficits is often multifactorial.…”

“…1 Of inpatients with refractory temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), 82% had impairment of at least one cognitive domain and 21% had three domains involved. 2 The etiology of epilepsy-associated cognitive deficits is often multifactorial. The underlying mechanisms and specific treatment target are still unclear.Previous neuroimaging studies have suggested that the cholinergic system may play an important role in epilepsy-…”