Memory Effects in the Action of Ozone on Conifers

Langebartels, Christian; Heller, Werner; Führer, G.; Lippert, M.; Simons, Sabina; Sandermann, Heinrich

doi:10.1006/eesa.1998.1668

Cited by 51 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(81 reference statements)

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“…The results of the present experiment show a slight growth response in Scots pine seedlings to elevated O 3 , which is in agreement with other studies indicating a relatively high tolerance of conifers to elevated O 3 (Chappelka and Chevone 1992;Fuhrer et al 1997). However, the increases in the yellowing and chlorotic mottling of C+1 needles indicate O 3 induced visible injuries in older flushes, possibly cumulating and gradually contributing to the growth reduction in longer-term O 3 exposures (Langebartels et al 1998). The earlier sampling date and higher mean temperatures throughout the autumn of 1996 may explain the slightly fewer visible injuries after the second year of exposure.…”

Section: Pigment Starch and Mineral Contents Of Needlessupporting

confidence: 92%

Biomass allocation, needle structural characteristics and nutrient composition in Scots pine seedlings exposed to elevated CO2 and O3 concentrations

Utriainen

Janhunen

Helmisaari

et al. 2000

Trees

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Three-year-old Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedlings were exposed to ambient or elevated ozone (O 3 ) (1.5×ambient) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) (590 µmol mol -1 ) concentrations during two growing seasons in open-top field chambers (OTCs). Five different treatments were applied in the chambers: filtered air, ambient air, elevated O 3 , elevated CO 2 , and elevated O 3 and CO 2 combined. Ambient plots outside the OTCs were also included, but the chamber ambient was used as a control in O 3 and CO 2 treatments due to a significant chamber effect. Increases in yellowing and chlorotic mottling of previous-year (C+1) needles and in the amount of cytoplasmic ribosomes and electron density of the chloroplast stroma in current-year (C) and C+1 needle mesophyll cells were observed in elevated O 3 at both CO 2 concentrations. Elevated O 3 alone caused a non-significant 10.9% decrease in plant total dry mass and a significant decrease in manganese (Mn) content of C needles. CO 2 enrichment caused a significant increase in needle cross-sectional width after the first year of exposure, and an accumulation of starch and slight curling and swelling of the chloroplast thylakoids in the mesophyll tissue of C needles after the second year of exposure. Calcium and Mn contents were increased and copper and nitrogen contents were decreased, significantly, in CO 2 -exposed needles. A non-significant 19.1% increase in plant total dry mass was measured in elevated CO 2 alone, whereas a 14.8% reduction in total dry mass, together with a significant reduction in current-year main shoot length, was found in the combined treatment. Overall, in spite of decreases in O 3 -induced visible injuries by CO 2 , elevated CO 2 levels were not able to counteract the impact of O 3 in this experiment.

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Section: Pigment Starch and Mineral Contents Of Needlessupporting

confidence: 92%

Biomass allocation, needle structural characteristics and nutrient composition in Scots pine seedlings exposed to elevated CO2 and O3 concentrations

Utriainen

Janhunen

Helmisaari

et al. 2000

Trees

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“…, 1999). However, conifers maintain foliage for several years; thus, deleterious effects of ozone exposure may carry over to subsequent growing seasons (Reich, 1987; Langebartels et al. , 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ozone exposure affects leaf wettability and tree water balance

Schreuder¹,

Hove

Brewer

2001

New Phytologist

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Summary• Relatively little is known about the influences of growing-season background ozone (O 3 ) concentrations on leaf cuticles and foliar water loss.• Using fumigation chambers, leaf wettability and foliar water loss were studied in two poplar species, Populus nigra and P. euramericana , and a conifer, Pseudotsuga menziesii , under three O 3 regimes; control (approx. 1 ppbv O 3 ), urban O 3 exposure (13 -41 ppbv O 3 ), and montane O 3 exposure (30 -45 ppbv O 3 ).• Urban O 3 exposure delayed a decrease in droplet contact angles over time in Populus leaves by 2 -4 wk, and decreased droplet contact angles of P. menziesii foliage. Ozone exposure increased foliar water loss and minimal conductance to water vapour for P. euramericana, but not P. nigra and P. menziesii . Both Populus species had lower photosynthetic biomass in O 3 treatments, due to production of fewer new leaves, premature leaf abscission and decreased leaf size ( P. euramericana only). Leaf abscission was preceded by foliar injury symptoms characteristic of O 3 exposure.• Results suggest that exposure to [O 3 ] common during the growing season can increase water loss in Populus saplings, but this effect might be offset by decreased foliar biomass. Importantly, responses were highly species specific in a given O 3 treatment.

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“…The stress metabolite catechin is known to be involved (Langebartels et al . ). Analysis of methylation of the genes of catechin metabolism might potentially open an avenue for assessing the involvement of epigenetic memory.…”

Section: Molecular Memorymentioning

confidence: 97%

Plant memory: a tentative model

Thellier¹,

Lüttge

2012

Plant Biology

107

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All memory functions have molecular bases, namely in signal reception and transduction, and in storage and recall of information. Thus, at all levels of organisation living organisms have some kind of memory. In plants one may distinguish two types. There are linear pathways from reception of signals and propagation of effectors to a type of memory that may be described by terms such as learning, habituation or priming. There is a storage and recall memory based on a complex network of elements with a high degree of integration and feedback. The most important elements envisaged are calcium waves, epigenetic modifications of DNA and histones, and regulation of timing via a biological clock. Experiments are described that document the occurrence of the two sorts of memory and which show how they can be distinguished. A schematic model of plant memory is derived as emergent from integration of the various modules. Possessing the two forms of memory supports the fitness of plants in response to environmental stimuli and stress.

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Memory Effects in the Action of Ozone on Conifers

Cited by 51 publications

References 52 publications

Biomass allocation, needle structural characteristics and nutrient composition in Scots pine seedlings exposed to elevated CO2 and O3 concentrations

Biomass allocation, needle structural characteristics and nutrient composition in Scots pine seedlings exposed to elevated CO2 and O3 concentrations

Ozone exposure affects leaf wettability and tree water balance

Plant memory: a tentative model

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