Memory complaints and depressive symptoms over time: a construct-level replication analysis

Mogle, Jacqueline; Bhargava, Sakshi; Bell, Tyler; Bhang, Iris

doi:10.1186/s12877-020-1451-1

Cited by 27 publications

(42 citation statements)

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“…The content of these items appears to be more related to an individual’s perceived memory ability, one of the two dimensions proposed by the SCD-I. There was sufficient within-person variability in these items; however, they did not systematically vary together over time, suggesting that the variability in these items may be linked to changes in other constructs (e.g., depressive symptoms) [34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Factor Structure of Items Assessing Subjective Memory: Between-Persons and Within-Persons across Time

et al. 2021

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Introduction: Current understanding of the psychometric properties of items intended to assess the multidimensional construct of subjective memory (SM) is limited, as longitudinal studies of aging commonly use single items or brief sets of items to assess SM. Investigating how SM items cluster within individuals over time would increase the understanding of how combining these items impacts their utility as an early indicator of cognitive change in the aging trajectory. To address this need, the current study examined the factor structure of a brief set of SM items in an existing longitudinal study focused on cognitive aging at both the within-person and between-person levels. Methods: Data were drawn from the Einstein Aging Study, a longitudinal cohort study of aging (N = 1,239, Mage = 77.51, SD = 5.03; 69.50% white; 24.27% black; 6.23% other). Community-dwelling older adults from an urban area of New York City were interviewed annually. At each wave, participants responded to 6 items intended to assess SM. Items assessed participants’ perceived memory decline as well as current memory ability. Multilevel exploratory factor analyses examined which factor solution best fit the data at between-person and within-person levels. Results: Factor structure of the SM items varied at the two levels. At the within-person level, two factors emerged, whereas at the between-person level, a single factor best represented the SM items. Items assessing perceived declines in memory functioning tended to have similar trajectories, while items assessing current memory ability were less related to change over time. Conclusion: Items appeared to assess two different dimensions of SM when examining within-person changes in SM across time; however, the item structure suggested no other items covaried systematically within persons over time. In contrast to the conceptualization of SM as a multidimensional construct, our findings suggest that when measuring SM between individuals, SM items tend to capture a single dimension underlying SM. This may be due to the long retrospection period of items assessing perceived memory ability. A single item assessing perceived memory decline in older adults without evidence of objective cognitive impairment may be sufficient to monitor memory change in clinical or research settings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Factor Structure of Items Assessing Subjective Memory: Between-Persons and Within-Persons across Time

et al. 2021

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“…This finding was consistent with a recent analysis, where depression was shown to be related to an increase in SMC [ 9 ]. In addition, in a similar study, the authors concluded that perception of decline of memory functioning rather than current memory functioning might be a significant predictor of increase in depressive symptoms in older adults [ 4 ]. In addition, previous studies revealed the same association, i.e., that SMC at baseline increases the risk of increased depressive symptom intensity [ 5 , 7 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SMC could be related to depression in late life [ 4 ]. However, changes over time in this relationship needs further investigation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Results showed that SMC at baseline increased the risk of increased depressive symptom intensity after four [ 5 ] and ten years [ 6 , 7 ]. A recent analysis concludes that SMC in cognitively normal older people might contribute to the development of depressive symptoms in the future [ 4 ]. A subgroup with SMC were shown to be at a higher risk for developing depressive symptoms [ 4 , 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent analysis concludes that SMC in cognitively normal older people might contribute to the development of depressive symptoms in the future [ 4 ]. A subgroup with SMC were shown to be at a higher risk for developing depressive symptoms [ 4 , 5 , 6 ]. Findings from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing show that in patients with objective cognitive impairment, depressive symptoms might show increased SMC, but this did not affect objective impairment [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interaction between Subjective Memory Decline and Depression Symptom Intensity in Older People. Results of the Second Wave of Cognition of Older People, Education, Recreational Activities, Nutrition, Comorbidities, and Functional Capacity Studies (COPERNICUS)

Kujawski

Kujawska

Perkowski

et al. 2021

JCM

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Background: Prevalence of subjective memory impairment (SMC), with or without objective memory impairment, and the mediating role of depression symptom intensity was examined in older people. Methods: n = 205 subjects (60 years old and older) were examined and followed up at two years. Cognitive function was examined using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) Delayed Recall (DR) subtest. Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) was used as a screening tool for depression. Statistical analysis was performed using linear mixed models. Results: A total of 144 subjects (70.24%) had SMC. MoCA Delayed Recall scores were not significantly changed in relation to time and SMC. Dynamics of SMC significantly influenced changes in GDS score (p = 0.008). Conclusions: SMC and objective memory impairment do not fully overlap each other. Subjects without SMC for longer than two years noted less intensity of depression symptoms in comparison to subgroup with SMC. However, occurrence of SMC in subjects who were previously free of SMC, was not related to increase in depression symptom intensity.

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A Traitlike Dimension of Subjective Memory Concern Over 30 Years Among Adult Male Twins

et al. 2023

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ImportanceSubjective memory concern has long been considered a state-related indicator of impending cognitive decline or dementia. The possibility that subjective memory concern may itself be a heritable trait is largely ignored, yet such an association would substantially confound its use in clinical or research settings.ObjectiveTo assess the heritability and traitlike dimensions of subjective memory concern and its clinical correlates.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis longitudinal twin cohort study was conducted from 1967 to 2019 among male adults with a mean (SD) age of 37.75 (2.52) years to follow-up at mean ages of 56.15 (2.72), 61.50 (2.43), and 67.35 (2.57) years (hereafter, 38, 56, 62, and 67 years, respectively) in the Vietnam Era Twin Study of Aging. The study included a national community-dwelling sample with health, education, and lifestyle characteristics comparable to a general sample of US men in this age cohort. Participants were monozygotic and dizygotic twins randomly recruited from the Vietnam Era Twin Registry. Data were analyzed from May 2021 to December 2022.Main Outcomes and MeasuresMeasures included subjective memory concern at 4 time points; objective memory, depressive symptoms, and anxiety at the last 3 time points; negative emotionality (trait neuroticism) at age 56 years; polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for neuroticism, depression, and Alzheimer disease; APOE genotype; and parental history of dementia. Primary outcomes were heritability and correlations between subjective memory concern and other measures.ResultsThe sample included 1555 male adults examined at age 38 years, 520 at age 56 years (due to late introduction of subjective memory concern questions), 1199 at age 62 years, and 1192 at age 67 years. Phenotypically, subjective memory concerns were relatively stable over time. At age 56 years, subjective memory concern had larger correlations with depressive symptoms (r, 0.32; 95% CI, 0.21 to 0.42), anxiety (r, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.18 to 0.51), and neuroticism (r, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.26 to 0.41) than with objective memory (r, −0.24; 95% CI, −0.33 to −0.13). Phenotypic results were similar at ages 62 and 67 years. A best-fitting autoregressive twin model indicated that genetic influences on subjective memory concern accumulated and persisted over time (h2 = 0.26-0.34 from age 38-67 years). At age 56 years, genetic influences for subjective memory concern were moderately correlated with genetic influences for anxiety (r, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.18 to 0.51), negative emotionality (r, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.44-0.57), and depressive symptoms (r, 0.20; 95% CI, 0.10 to 0.29) as well as objective memory (r, −0.22; 95% CI, −0.30 to −0.14). Similar genetic correlations were seen at ages 62 and 67 years. The neuroticism PRS was associated with subjective memory concern at age 38 years (r, 0.10; 95% CI, 0.03. to 0.18) and age 67 years (r, 0.09; 95% CI, 0.01 to 0.16). Subjective memory concern was not associated with any Alzheimer disease risk measures.Conclusions and RelevanceThis cohort study found stable genetic influences underlying subjective memory concern dating back to age 38 years. Subjective memory concern had larger correlations with affect-related measures than with memory-related measures. Improving the utility of subjective memory concern as an indicator of impending cognitive decline and dementia may depend on isolating its statelike component from its traitlike component.

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Memory complaints and depressive symptoms over time: a construct-level replication analysis

Cited by 27 publications

References 50 publications

The Factor Structure of Items Assessing Subjective Memory: Between-Persons and Within-Persons across Time

The Factor Structure of Items Assessing Subjective Memory: Between-Persons and Within-Persons across Time

Interaction between Subjective Memory Decline and Depression Symptom Intensity in Older People. Results of the Second Wave of Cognition of Older People, Education, Recreational Activities, Nutrition, Comorbidities, and Functional Capacity Studies (COPERNICUS)

A Traitlike Dimension of Subjective Memory Concern Over 30 Years Among Adult Male Twins

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