Memory Changes with Age

Schonfield, David

doi:10.1038/208918a0

Cited by 27 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Another major early finding was that memory effects associated with age were typically larger when participants were asked to recall a list of words, compared with merely recognize them (e.g., Schonfield, 1965; Smith, 1977). Schonfield (1965) reported that older adults had equivalent recognition performance to younger adults but markedly impaired recall (but see e.g., Erber, 1974; Harwood & Naylor, 1969, who report both impaired recall and impaired recognition in older adults).…”

Section: Early Evidence Of Memory Impairment With Agementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Schonfield (1965) reported that older adults had equivalent recognition performance to younger adults but markedly impaired recall (but see e.g., Erber, 1974; Harwood & Naylor, 1969, who report both impaired recall and impaired recognition in older adults). Also of interest was that picture memory appeared to be protected from dramatic age effects, as older adults recalled and recognized pictures better than words (e.g., Park, Puglisi, & Sovacool, 1983).…”

Section: Early Evidence Of Memory Impairment With Agementioning

confidence: 99%

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Theories of Memory and Aging: A Look at the Past and a Glimpse of the Future

Park

Festini

2016

GERONB

183

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The present article reviews theories of memory and aging over the past 50 years. Particularly notable is a progression from early single-mechanism perspectives to complex multifactorial models proposed to account for commonly observed age deficits in memory function. The seminal mechanistic theories of processing speed, limited resources, and inhibitory deficits are discussed and viewed as especially important theories for understanding age-related memory decline. Additionally, advances in multivariate techniques including structural equation modeling provided new tools that led to the development of more complex multifactorial theories than existed earlier. The important role of neuroimaging is considered, along with the current prevalence of intervention studies. We close with predictions about new directions that future research on memory and aging will take.

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Section: Early Evidence Of Memory Impairment With Agementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Early Evidence Of Memory Impairment With Agementioning

confidence: 99%

Theories of Memory and Aging: A Look at the Past and a Glimpse of the Future

Park

Festini

2016

GERONB

183

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“…This is not a new question. Schonfield [1965; and Schonfield and R obertson [1966] have argued that memory loss with age represents a decreased ability to retrieve items from storage rather than a deficiency in the storage system itself. This conclusion was based on findings that indicated a deficit in recall scores with increasing age, but no age-related deficit in recognition scores.…”

Section: Concluding Commentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organization and Memory in Adulthood

Hultsch¹

1971

Human Development

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The research reviewed illustrates how organizational processes (grouping and relating) influence memory in general, and adult age differences in memory in particular. Free recall data have indicated that the subject segments the learning material into integrated groups which become his functional recall units. Thus, a major theoretical position that has emerged has been the suggestion that recall is dependent on organization. Such a theoretical position has led to the hypothesis that the locus of adult age differences in memory may be in organizational processes. The research reviewed suggests that there is evidence of an age-related decrement in the organizational processes of memory. While research has indicated the possibility of an age-related decrement in the organizational processes of memory, questions concerning the specific nature of the deficit and antecedents that account for it still remain. In approaching these questions, a rough model was developed. Applied to adult age differences, the model suggested several possible sources of the recall deficit.

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“…Recently Schonfield ( 1965 ) has argued that memory defects in the aged "seem to be due to a loss in ability to retrieve memories from storage rather than a deficiency in the storage system itself (p. 918). In supporc of this position, he described an experiment in which he found no deterioration with age in recognition scores, while recall scores decreased fairly rapidly wich age.…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

Memory Loss with Age: An Unsolved Problem

McNulty

Caird

1967

Psychol Rep

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The problem of whether memory impairment with age is due primarily ro storage defects or to retrieval difficulties was considered further. It was argued that, if one accepts a "partial in€ormation" interpretation of the recognition process, then the observation, that under certain conditions recognition scores deteriorate less rapidly with age than recall scores, cannot be taken as evidence for a loss in retrieval ability with increasing age. Such results are completely consistent with the notion o€ an age-related storage defect. Nevertheless, no unequivocal evidence has yet been presented for either position.

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Memory Changes with Age

Cited by 27 publications

References 3 publications

Theories of Memory and Aging: A Look at the Past and a Glimpse of the Future

Theories of Memory and Aging: A Look at the Past and a Glimpse of the Future

Organization and Memory in Adulthood

Memory Loss with Age: An Unsolved Problem

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