Memory and the self in autism

Abstract

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Recall of a live and personally experienced eyewitness event by adults with autism spectrum disorder

“…The first, and the interpretation that we favour, is that individuals with ASD genuinely do benefit from self-enactment and that a more general episodic deficit explains previous findings of a diminished enactment effect, whereby differences between groups are quantitative, rather than qualitative in nature (see RUNNING HEAD: Experienced eyewitness events in ASD 23 Lind, 2010). The second is that the effect is diminished in ASD, but that we failed to detect a difference in the present paradigm.…”

“…Of the studies with adults, none to date have used a live eyewitness event, or an event in which the witness has actively participated. This is pertinent given that it is now well established that individuals with ASD experience difficulties in reflecting on the self (e.g., Crane et al, 2009, and see Lind, 2010), which extend to impairments in episodic memory (e.g., Crane & Goddard, 2008;Klein et al, 1999). Indeed, a number of studies have demonstrated that individuals with ASD experience particular difficulties recalling specific and personally experienced autobiographical events (e.g., Bruck et al, 2007;Goddard, Howlin, Dritschel & Patel, 2007).…”

Autism spectrum disorder and sexual offending: Responsivity in forensic interventions

“…A further consideration is the tendency for individuals with ASD to minimize the severity of their autistic traits. This minimization is likely due to limitations in the capacity for selfreflection, inaccurate self-perception with regard to social competence (Johnson, Filliter, & Murphy, 2009) and under-elaborated psychological self-concept (Lind, 2010). Alternatively, denial of difficulties may be an adaptive coping strategy or safeguard for self esteem (Attwood, 2007).…”

Remembering the past and imagining the future in autism spectrum disorder

“…Such difficulties are related to a reduction in autonoetic awareness (the conscious re-experiencing of a past event) in this group that is compensated for by an increase in noetic awareness (an awareness of information in the absence of the recollection of the acquisition of that knowledge) (Bowler et al,PAST AND FUTURE THINKING IN ASD 6 2007; Tanweer, Rathbone, & Souchay, 2010). Autobiographical memory difficulties have also been linked to problems in relation to self-referential cognition in this group (e.g., Crane et al, 2009;Lind, 2010). In particular, adults with ASD do not appear to use information pertaining to the self to organise their database of personally experienced events (Crane et al, 2009).…”