Membraneless enzymatic biofuel cells using iron and cobalt co-doped ordered mesoporous porphyrinic carbon based catalyst

Amine axial ligand-coordinated cobalt phthalocyanine-based catalyst for flow-type membraneless hydrogen peroxide fuel cell or enzymatic biofuel cell

“…Moreover, most of the previous studies were conducted under severe acidic or alkaline conditions [25,26,28]; thus, the anode stability is also questionable, as the Ni bulk metal is corrosive under these conditions. For addressing this issue, an anode using organometallic materials has been recently introduced [22,29]. The main advantages of this anode include higher power density and operational durability as compared to the Ni anode, owing to the lower potential of HPOR even under physiological or neutral conditions [7], but its performance is still insufficient for commercial use.…”

“…Unlike the previously proposed anodes, this type of anode generates anodic currents through two-tier cascade reactions comprising the glucose oxidation reaction (GOR)-HPOR [30]. Namely, the upperlayer, having oxidase, produces H 2 O 2 through a reaction with the glucose substrate (GOR); thereafter, the produced H 2 O 2 is used as a substrate for HPOR [29,31]. This anode demonstrates high catalytic activity and operational durability even under physiological conditions.…”

“…This anode demonstrates high catalytic activity and operational durability even under physiological conditions. However, the formation of the under-layer is complex and expensive for commercial use, as it needs to be treated in several steps, including high-temperature heat treatment and etching with hydrogen fluoride [29].…”

High performance of the flow-type one-compartment hydrogen peroxide fuel cell using buckypaper and narrow fuel pathway under physiological conditions

“…H 2 O 2 fuel decomposes to two protons and O 2 (HPOR, H 2 O 2 → 2H + + O 2 + 2e − ) by CoPc in the anode, and then the protons participated in the reduction of H 2 O 2 (HPRR, H 2 O 2 + 2H + + 2e − → 2H 2 O). 41,50 In short, H 2 O 2 is exploited as a fuel for both the electrodes, meaning that the cell structure and electrolyte can be fabricated simply against the other type of fuel cells.…”

Mini-Review: Recent Technologies of Electrode and System in the Enzymatic Biofuel Cell (EBFC)

“…The Apt/Au electrode has high sensitivity because it can detect ATZ as low as 7.5 mM due to the Au electrode helping to increase the electron transferability. Although a Pt metal catalyst showed good catalysis in ORR, Ji et al [72] developed an iron and cobalt co-doped ordered mesoporous porphyrinic carbon (FeCo-OMPC) biocathode for cheaper ORR and achieved long-term stability. ORR activity increased with cobalt metal in the biocathode with a limited power density of 21.3 µW/cm 2 compared to without cobalt metal (9.6 µW/cm 2 ).…”