Membrane Separation: Basics and Applications

Chen, Jiaping; Mou, Honghui; Wang, Lawrence K.; Matsuura, Takeshi; Wei, Yuting

doi:10.1007/978-1-59745-278-6_7

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…where J, A, and V are the permeate flux (L.m −2 .h −1 ), the cross-sectional area of the membrane (m 2 ), and the collected volume (L), respectively, at a time interval ∆t (h −1 ). Rejection values were calculated based on the concentrations of feed and permeate using the equation [40]:…”

Section: Ultrafiltration Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyvinylidene Fluoride Membrane with a Polyvinylpyrrolidone Additive for Tofu Industrial Wastewater Treatment in Combination with the Coagulation–Flocculation Process

et al. 2021

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Wastewater from the tofu industry contains many pollutants that are very harmful to the environment, significantly endangering aquatic life and producing a pungent odor. This study aims to prepare a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane with the additive polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and utilize it to treat tofu wastewater in the ultrafiltration (UF) process. Flat sheet membranes were prepared using PVDF that was dissolved in N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) and then combined with the additive material of PVP at the varying compositions of 14.9/0.1, 14.85/0.15, and 14.8/0.2 g of PVDF/gram of PVP. The addition of PVP was proposed to improve the properties of the membranes. Characterization by scanning electron microscope (SEM), water contact angle, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were performed on the PVDF/PVP membrane flat sheet in order to understand and compare changes in the physical and chemical properties that occurred in the membrane. Prior to the UF process, the tofu wastewater was treated by a coagulation–flocculation process through a jar tester using poly aluminum chloride (PAC) as a coagulant. Based on the membrane characterization, the addition of PVP improved the physical and chemical properties of membranes. The pore size of the membrane becomes larger, which could increase permeability as well as the flux value. The TSS and turbidity of the water produced in the UF process decreased with an increase in feed pressure due to a greater driving force generated to facilitate the penetration of the suspended solids. The UF results showed that the effect of PVP on water flux was greatest for the 14.85/0.15 PVDF/PVP membrane for both pure and wastewater. In addition, the highest percentage of rejection for TSS and turbidity were observed in the 14.9/0.1 PVDF/PVP membrane and rejection for TDS was indicated in the 14.8/0.2 PVDF/PVP membrane. Meanwhile, the resulting pH decreased slightly across all samples as feed pressure increased.

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Section: Ultrafiltration Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyvinylidene Fluoride Membrane with a Polyvinylpyrrolidone Additive for Tofu Industrial Wastewater Treatment in Combination with the Coagulation–Flocculation Process

et al. 2021

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“…To ensure the proper functioning of microbial fuel cells, it is important to use a membrane to separate the anode and cathode reactions [47]. This membrane allows protons to move from the anode to the cathode while acting as a physical barrier between the two chambers and preventing the flow of oxygen from the cathode to the anaerobic anode chamber.…”

Section: Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

A Critical Review on the Advancement of the Development of Low-Cost Membranes to Be Utilized in Microbial Fuel Cells

Tiwari,

Yadav,

Jadhav

et al. 2024

Water

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Microbial fuel cells provide a promising solution for both generating electricity and treating wastewater at the same time. This review evaluated the effectiveness of using readily available earthen membranes, such as clayware and ceramics, in MFC systems. By conducting a comprehensive search of the Scopus database from 2015 to 2024, the study analyzed the performance of various earthen membranes, particularly in terms of wastewater treatment and energy production. Ceramic membranes were found to be the most effective, exhibiting superior power density, COD removal, and current density, with values of 229.12 ± 18.5 mW/m2, 98.41%, and 1535.0 ± 29 mW/m2, respectively. The review emphasizes the use of affordable resources like red soil, bentonite clay, CHI/MMT nanocomposites, and Kalporgan soil, which have proven to be effective in MFC applications. Incorporating earthen materials into the membrane construction of MFCs makes them more cost-effective and accessible.

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“…Membrane separation is one of the most efficient and ecofriendly molecular/ionic sieving techniques in chemical engineering. 79 The implementation of MOF films as separation media is a powerful approach to high-performance molecular/ ionic sieving owing to the tunable physical and chemical properties of MOFs. 3,80,81 However, the fabrication of continuous MOF films for separations is challenging since it requires a controllable nucleation and growth process of MOF units.…”

Section: Membrane Separationmentioning

confidence: 99%