Membrane Preparation for Unconventional Desalination by Membrane Distillation and Pervaporation

Development of new pervaporation composite membranes for desalination: Theoretical and experimental investigations

“…In this last case, using uncharged, dense hydrophobic membranes, the salts dissolved in the feed have extremely low sorption coefficient in the dense polymeric layer; moreover the salts would not be vaporized from the downstream side of the coating layer. More examples can be found in the reviews of Wang (2016) and Zhong (2020) [7,24].…”

“…As stated from the literature review given above [7,24], the coating layers used to obtain PV membranes useful for desalination were prepared with strongly hydrophilic polymers, such as sulfonated polyethylene, quaternized polyethylene [19], alginic acid-silica hydrogel coatings [28,29], chitosan [30], polyelectrolyte polymer (Nafion type) [31], cellulose [23] or polyvinyl alcohol [32,33].…”

Employing lignin in the formation of the selective layer of thin-film composite membranes for pervaporation desalination

“…Pervaporation desalination, compared to other membranebased desalination processes, shows some attractive features including high salt rejection ability and sustainability for highsalinity solutions. [1][2][3][4] Based on the solution-diffusion model for mass (water) transfer through the membranes in pervaporation separation, a selective layer with high hydrophilicity is favorable for water permeation. Consequently, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] based membranes have been widely reported for pervaporation dehydration.…”