Membrane permeabilization by conjugated oligoelectrolytes accelerates whole-cell catalysis

Abstract

Conjugated oligoelectrolytes (COE) increase outer membrane permeability inEscherichia coli,improve transport of small molecules through the cell envelope and thus accelerate whole-cell catalysis.

Mechanistic Understanding of the Interactions of Cationic Conjugated Oligo- and Polyelectrolytes with Wild-type and Ampicillin-resistant Escherichia coli

“…The antimicrobial efficiency was influenced by the location and density of charged groups, backbone structure, chain length, and, the water solubility of CCOEs and CCPEs 6,18,21,23,28,29 . Shorter side-chain CCOEs often appeared to be more toxic (lower minimum inhibitory concentration) to bacteria due to their intercalation within the lipid bilayer of the bacterial cell wall 6,21,28,29,32,33 . On the other hand, some other dominant antimicrobial actions (by CCOEs/CCPEs) took place via coating 18,23,30 , disruption of the lipid bilayer 18,32 , disintegration of the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane (bacteriolysis) 23 , and/or formation of reactive oxygen species (light-assisted) 27,34,35 .…”

Interactions of a paracyclophane-based conjugated oligoelectrolyte with biological membranes

“…COE1-5C, in contrast, has been shown to rigidify membranes. 5,7,8 Oligophenylenevinylene COEs studied thus far largely contain a planar, two-dimensional conjugated fragment. A molecular structural variation that has yet to be considered concerns introducing dimensionality to the conjugated segment in order to understand possible repercussion of this structural modication on the reorganization of the membrane lipids and the overall perturbation of the bilayer.…”

“…Implications of increased permeabilization for whole-cell biocatalysis have been previously investigated using E. coli K12 and yeast. 7,9,10 Results and discussion…”

Response‐Surface‐Optimized and Scaled‐Up Microbial Electrosynthesis of Chiral Alcohols

“…To overcome limitations of the reaction system owing to cell lysis, integration of membrane porins as OprF from Pseudomonas aeruginosa might facilitate the passage of the substrate acetophenone, the product ( R )‐1‐phenylethanol, and methyl viologen and, thereby, reduce cell stress . Further, addition of a carbon source for cell maintenance might also be an option to consider, although this needs a delicate adjustment so as not to sacrifice product purity.…”

“…To overcome limitations of the reactions ystem owing to cell lysis, integration of membrane porins as OprF from Pseudomonas aeruginosa might facilitatet he passage of the substrate acetophenone, the product (R)-1-phenylethanol, and methylv iologena nd, thereby, reduce cell stress. [48,49] Further,a ddition of ac arbon sourcef or cell maintenance might also be an option to consider, [50] although this needs ad elicate adjustment so as not to sacrifice product purity.F urthermore, comprehensive analysisa nd engineering of the bio(electro)catalyst, for example, in regards to the electron transfer mechanism might give insights for future improvements.…”